{"id":84714,"date":"2017-11-25T01:29:39","date_gmt":"2017-11-24T22:29:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/?p=84714"},"modified":"2017-12-03T06:43:09","modified_gmt":"2017-12-03T03:43:09","slug":"%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab-%d9%88%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab-%d9%88%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\n2- \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0646\u0635\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u062a\u0647. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0635 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 – \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647- \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u062a\u0647 .
\n3- \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0646\u0635\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (24) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0635.<\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/span><\/p>\n

The criminal participation is regarded as one of the important topics that requires serious research and study because it has accessed an important place among the asset of crimes which preoccupy of the Islamic sharia and the positive laws. This crime always exposes to the state security , and it directs towards its handling and affects it. The subject to the people, combating on them selves, their properties,and honors, and this may cause serious harms for the state security and its relations with other countries connected with the crimes of terrorism , the organized crimes, and the crimes of kidnapping, and interruptedness,these crimes with its public danaer, they threaten the state interior security and the estatablishment of its individuals, they are joined with other crimes by great hazard like killing, violation, looting, destruction , bodily harm , and resistance of public power. A variety of perpetrators pare the way to commit the dangerous crimes due to the conformity of the mutual efforts among them and the availability of the mental and material potentials . The study is based on identifying the problems axrsen in the praitical situation reaching to finding the solution agreed with the legal prinaples and fundamentals.<\/p>\n

The original criminal participation is the functioning of the main role in the execution of the crime , the legislator utters the original doer of the crime is ( the perpetrator) ; a definition is put in the para (21) of the Yemeni criminal and punishment law No.(12)1994 which states ” the perpetrator be considered the one who achieves through one’s behavior the crime elements and this includes the partner existed in the crime stage during its happening one is regarded by- means-doer who leads to commit the crime responsible for this ; if it is recognized , by means, in the law the coretition of the doe , the perpetrators who do by purpose or neglect the partner in the labors of executing the crime “.<\/p>\n

This study will deal with the lopic of the participation of the original criminal participation either through jurisprudence exertions or the comparative judicature or the esteemed Islamic Sharia.This study consists of three chapters; The First chapter shows its truth , the second depicts its images while the third deals with the pehality that the law decides .
\nIn the first chafter we presented the fact of the original criminal participation ;for this typed of the criminal partiapation kinds has legal judgements and general description showing its truth whereby it is discriminated from others in which may be suspected ; on the basis of that truth, it comes into view and it may limit its nature . We mean by truth here :its definition and nature discrimating it from the incidental participortion, the importance of this discrimination and the problems which it arises and showing its bases . to let the truth of the original criminal partiapation be clear we show its identity and the legal texts specialized with it and we limit its elements in three topics.<\/p>\n

The original criminal participation is a situation of a variety of doers who committed the crime and the functioning of each one has a main role in committing the crime and also beside a variety of the criminals, the original criminal participation hypothesizes the unity of the crime .The first element hypothesizes that the materialls of the crime have been committed by a variety of persons while the second element is the functioning of a chief role in the crime the third element is the unity of the crime in which the criminals participated in its happening .<\/p>\n

After that we limited the scope of the original participant ; the two legal theories of jurisprudence despot in limiting the idea of the original participant: the first theory extends the idea of doer is the one who joins one’s act with the criminal result by a causative relation ,so the causative value of the act is the basis of this theory ,whenever there was a causative relation between the act and the criminal result ,the doer would be an original participant , there , according to this opinion \u2013 the doer is regarded as each one who functioned the act which the law incriminates and for bides its commiting , also the one who causes its occurrence or charges another irresponsible for criminality to commit the crime and also the one who gave this person a help in committing the crime either in the organized acts or those facilitated or complemented the committing Of the crime, so if the causative relation is available between the criminal activity and the criminal result, the committing of the act has been considered as the doer for the result occurred , so this can not be excluded unless there will be a legal text. The second theory narrows the idea of doer so it makes the criminal as the doer if he functions the limited act in the legal text specialized with the crime, the one who participated and was not considered as the doer in it ,no punishment on him because he is not considered as the doer according to this theory ,if the lawgiver wishes to enter them and punishes them, they should put legal texts specialized with them. The stealing functions by taking ,the killing by the act of stabbing or shooting , for instance; everyone who does an act related to this typical and the legal description of the crime from the material side ,he is an original participant. the one who stabbed is a doer , the one who tied is adore, the one who caught the victim of the comments that raised against the two previous theories and the Yemeni legislatoring created a moderate belief between these beliefs so the legislator in limiting the original participation claimed to the objective side, so the legislator considered<\/p>\n

The doer as the one who functions the crime and causes it. The legislator makes the abstract doer and the partner as original participation in the crime , adverse to that he functioned to enclose the images of the incidental criminal participations is the agitation , the expenditure ,the help ,the legislator take the remains of the acts out of the criminal (penal) circle due to non availability of a legal text inside it, hence the legislator is processing a belief mid between the two former beliefs.
\nThen we studied the bases of the original criminal participations has bases on which the crime based .<\/p>\n

The interpretation of this is that the original participant is asked a bout the crime as being the original ,unless all the bases of the crime are fulfilled for his own right .if the doer’s identity is necessitated in case of need the material and the abstract bases are fulfilled. So the identity of the participant flows over these two bases with a special impression .the original participant’s responsibility is not enclosed in the activity limit which is used from his ,but he is asked about the crime resulted from his activity and the others participants activity. It is not only enough to consider the doer as begin the participant unless the legitimate basis is fulfilled and the a abstract basis of the crime which he committed ,but also it should be fulfilled the intention of the cooperation with the others. Then we dedicated the second chapter for researching the images and the divisions of the original criminal participation; this has got two types in the crime: The original material participation, and the original abstract participation. The difference between them relates to the legal nature of the activity produced out of the participant for both of them, the extent to which relation has with the act on which the material basis of the crime based; the material participation functions by this act itself for a part of it or in an activity closely related to it while the abstract participation functions by means of an unskilled person whose criminal responsibility or this good intent in executing the material act form the crime.<\/p>\n

The images of the act from which the material basis of the material the original criminal participation is formed the pursuit and the cause while the abstract original criminal participation can be included under two images the by-means-doer (the abstract doer) and the partner . Hence<\/p>\n

We divided the chapter into two parts ; the first deals with the images of the material original criminal participation and the second depicts the abstract original criminal participations then we limited the punishment of the original criminal participation in third chapter .The general rule for punishing the original participations in the crime is the signature of the punishment legally decided for the crime as they had both committed the crime by themselves .This is the entire crime if the doer had fulfilled in his activity the criminal result, and the punishment of the pursuit if the criminal activity was stopped or failed its effect for the cause whose will is not involved .Every participant is independent in his crime as if he fulfilled it by himself .After that he will be independent of other participations in the effective circumstances in the greatness of the crime or the punishment.
\nThe following are the suggestion and recommend. Actions concluded our stud:<\/p>\n

1- we inspire the legist or to put a clear definition for the pursuit or the causer and the partner to cancel the ambiguity or suspicion be tureen these images and the other images of the criminal participation the legislator has mentioned the images of the original criminal postulation in the Para (21) of the Yemeni law of crimes and punishments in comprehensive inadequate definition for these images he mentioned the images of the doer but he did not put detailed definition for the doer in all of these images.
\n2- putting a text contained communal of organizations or administration of the pactiupants intensifying .
\nThe Yemeni law of crimes and punishments does not contain a text calking about the organization in the participants activity is administrated in the crime . this is one of the drawbacks has been noticed . the organization is the dangerous person in the original participants the participants varied this means the increase of the danger of bath of then each one can hare adorns on his colleagues and his obedience is must on them.
\nThis means the increase of his danger in companions to then so it should intensify his punishment.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b: \u0623\u0631\u0648\u0649 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629: \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631: 2006 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 – \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0623 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0630 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":84715,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,39],"tags":[3011,1947,320,3567,10,3831],"class_list":["post-84714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-6","category-39","tag-3011","tag-1947","tag-320","tag-3567","tag-10","tag-3831"],"views":3195,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=84714"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84714\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/84715"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=84714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=84714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=84714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}