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\u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 CPU \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a POST \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635 Disk Boot.<br \/>\n1. \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629:<br \/>\n\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 CPU \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 Boot \u0647\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 Reset \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 CPU \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a BIOS.<br \/>\n2. \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a BIOS<br \/>\n\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 (CPU).<br \/>\n3. \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a:<br \/>\n\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646 BIOS \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 CPU \u0628\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 BIOS \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c POST \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 Disk drives \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 RAM \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d.<br \/>\n4. \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 Operating System : \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 Interface \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f Configuration \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u062f\u0647 .<br \/>\n5. \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 Computer Disk:<br \/>\n\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 Format \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649Sectors \u0648 Tracks\u0648\u0623\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 Sectors \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 Cluster \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 Cluster \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a Cluster \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u062c\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0639\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062c\u0632 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 Cluster \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 Cluster \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0637\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u0637\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 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\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629([34])<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629<\/p>\n<p>1. \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>2. \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>3. \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>4. \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>5. \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 COMSTORE.<\/p>\n<p>6. \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>7. External CD RW.<\/p>\n<p>8. 8. External ZIP Drive \u0639\u062f\u062f (1).<\/p>\n<p>9. \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>10. \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 3.5 \u0625\u0646\u0634.<\/p>\n<p>2. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 :<\/p>\n<p>1. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 Dos, Win9x, WinMe, WinXP, WinNT, UNIX.<\/p>\n<p>2. \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 ZIP, RAR, ACE, ARC.<\/p>\n<p>3. \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<p>ACDSee, Compupic, GWS, Xnview, Photoshop, CorelDraw.<\/p>\n<p>4. \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 Nero, Easy CD Creator, ISO Buster.<\/p>\n<p>5. \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Ports.<\/p>\n<p>6. \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>Encase Norton Utilities, Rescue Disk, Disk Search, Disk Edit, and Hexedit.<\/p>\n<p>7. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 PGP.<\/p>\n<p>8. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>Advance office 2000 password recovery, Access Data.<\/p>\n<p>9. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 WINONCD.<\/p>\n<p>10. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 PC Tools Norton.<\/p>\n<p>11. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 Safe back, Ghost, Back Office.<\/p>\n<p>12. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 Simantic Forest.<\/p>\n<p>13. \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a NetScape, Taiga,Web Ferret.<\/p>\n<p>14. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a F-Prot, F-Secure, PCcillin, McAfee.<\/p>\n<p>15. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>16. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 firewalls.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>3. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p>Internet architecture and using, Internet programming using (Java, Java- &#8211;SS&#8211;, HTML, XML, Internet Protocols (TCP\/IP, DNS, Http\u2026 Internet Networks and Servers and its Security, Web Sites and ActiveX and Java Security, Secure Remote Access.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 Firewalls and Encryption.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 Networks Administration and operating using (WinNT, UNIX, Solaris, Networks broadband Analysis- ISDN and Frame relay and SMDS and ATM, Networks Infrastructure, implementing TCP\/IP networks.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 High level languages (C+, Visual C and Low Level Languages (Asembly\u2026).<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629([35]):<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f) \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u0627\u0633\u0645 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\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>3. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>4. \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0642\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 :<\/p>\n<p>1. \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0643&#8221;\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u060c 1984.<\/p>\n<p>2. \u062f. \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 1999\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>3. \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c 2001\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>4. \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c 2002.<\/p>\n<p>5. \u062f. \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0637 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 1997.<\/p>\n<p>6. \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643 \u062f\u0641\u0644\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u06371\u060c 1995.<\/p>\n<p>7. \u063a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062c. \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0631\u060c \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c 1987.<\/p>\n<p>8. \u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a 1999.<\/p>\n<p>9. \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0642\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 9568\u060c 1996.<\/p>\n<p>10. \u0639\u0635\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u0648\u0634\u0647\u060c &#8220;\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 23\u060c 1995.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n<p>11. Eoghan Casey, Digital Evidence and Computer Crime, Academic Pres,. 1 st edition, 2000.<\/p>\n<p>12. David J David, Internet Detective-An Investigator&#8217;s Guide, Police Research Group, 1998.<\/p>\n<p>13. Interpol, Computers and Crime, Manual of Standards and Procedures, 1996<\/p>\n<p>14. Interpol, Scoping and responding to information Technology crime in Asia-South Pacific Region, 2001.<\/p>\n<p>15. Tom Douglas Brian Loader, Thomas Douglas, Cyber crime: Law Enforcement, Security, and Surveillance in the Information Age, 1 st edition, Rutledge, 2000.<\/p>\n<p>16. Donn B. Parker, Fighting Computer Crime: A New Framework for Protecting Information, 1 edition, John Wiley &amp; Sons 1998.<\/p>\n<p>17. Edward Waltz, Information Warfare Principles and Operations, 1998.<\/p>\n<p>18. Laura E. Quarantiello, Tiare Publications, Cyber Crime: How to Protect Your-self from Computer Criminals, 1996.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a:<\/p>\n<p>19.http:\/\/www.neiassociates.org\/cybercrime<\/p>\n<p>20.http:\/\/www.cybercrime.gov\/4pillar2.htm.<\/p>\n<p>21.http:\/\/ww.anu.edu.au\/people\/Roger.Clarke\/II\/CryptoSecy.htm.<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/Cybercrime.gov.<\/p>\n<p>22.http:\/\/Cybercrime.gov\/flick.htm.<\/p>\n<p>23.http:\/\/Cybercrime.gov\/moujing.htm.<\/p>\n<p>24.http:\/\/Cybercrime.gov\/platinum.htm.<\/p>\n<p>25.http:\/\/ infowar.com\/class_2\/00\/class2_020400b_j.shtml<\/p>\n<p>26.http:\/\/homer. Spanch\/~spaw1165\/infosec\/sts_en\/<\/p>\n<p>27.http:\/\/telecom.conisius.edu\/cf-crim-investigation.html.<\/p>\n<p>28.http:\/\/online.securityfocus.com\/infocus\/1244.<\/p>\n<p>29.http:\/\/online.securityfocus.com\/infocus\/1245.<\/p>\n<p>30.http:\/\/online.securityfocus.com\/infocus\/1246.<\/p>\n<p>31.http:\/\/online.securityfocus.com\/infocus\/1247.<\/p>\n<p>32.http:\/\/online.securityfocus.com\/infocus\/1248.<\/p>\n<p>33.http:\/\/online.securityfocus.com\/infocus\/1249.<\/p>\n<p>34.http:\/\/online.securityfocus.com\/infocus\/1250.<\/p>\n<p>35.http:\/\/online.securityfocus.com\/infocus\/1251.<\/p>\n<p>36.http:\/\/www.2crfm.co.uk.<\/p>\n<p>37.http:\/\/www.netcape.com.<\/p>\n<p>38.http:\/\/www.microsoft.com.<\/p>\n<p>39.http:\/\/www.beaucoup.com.<\/p>\n<p>40.http:\/\/www.first.org\/.<\/p>\n<p>41.http:\/\/cops.org\/index.html.<\/p>\n<p>42.http:\/\/www.trusecure.net.<\/p>\n<p>43.http:\/\/www.cybercrime.org\/.<\/p>\n<p>44.http:\/\/www.fbi.com.<\/p>\n<p>45.http:\/\/www.discovery .com\/are\/technology\/hackers\/hackers.html.<\/p>\n<p>46.http:\/\/www.hackershomepage.com.<\/p>\n<p>47.http:\/\/www.etbus.org\/<\/p>\n<p>48.http:\/\/www.black-rifice.fr.st\/<\/p>\n<p>49.http:\/\/www.sub-seven.com.<\/p>\n<p>50.http:\/\/www.sharptechnology.com\/hacktracer\/demo-trial\/demo.<\/p>\n<p>51.http:\/\/www.sharptechnology.com\/bhcons.htm.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0644 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