{"id":31904,"date":"2017-01-23T02:12:29","date_gmt":"2017-01-22T23:12:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/?p=31904"},"modified":"2017-12-03T05:45:03","modified_gmt":"2017-12-03T02:45:03","slug":"%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a-%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d9%85%d9%81%d9%87%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a-%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d9%85%d9%81%d9%87%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 international convention \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 treaty (\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0646) \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\u0640 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 agreement = accord \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064d \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 memorandum: \u0647\u064a \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n

\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d proposal: \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n

\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0648\u064a note verbal: \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n

\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0636\u0631 process verbal: \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064d \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 modus vivendi: \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u064a\u064f\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0640 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a exchange of notes: \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 unilateral declarations: \u0647\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n

2\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 written agreement \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062a\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 gentlemen agreements \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u00ab\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0621\u00bb \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1969 The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062a\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1945 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0634\u0641\u0648\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1964 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a 31 \u0622\u0628 1965.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u064a\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 treaty \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 agreement \u0623\u0648 accord \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b charter \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064b covenant \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0643\u0627\u064b pact \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b constitution \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u0629 convention \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621. \u0641\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1969 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a \u00ab\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a\u00bb.<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n

1\u0640 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u0623\u200c. \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

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\n\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1982 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

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\u062c \u0640 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 19 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u00ab\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a\u00bb \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0636\u0627\u0647. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n

\u0640 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u0636\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1959 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1888.<\/p>\n

\u0640 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0640 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0630 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 2\/\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 6).<\/p>\n

\u0640 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 [\u0631] The most favored nation’s clause\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f: \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1950 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u0640 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0642\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0640 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0646\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0640 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0642 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0626\u0647.<\/p>\n

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