{"id":176914,"date":"2020-04-19T11:30:24","date_gmt":"2020-04-19T08:30:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/?p=176914"},"modified":"2020-04-19T11:30:24","modified_gmt":"2020-04-19T08:30:24","slug":"%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a .<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">International Protection of Women in Armed Conflict in accordance with International Humanitarian Law(IHL)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631(\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0631\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0639\u0629. \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">Hadi sheeb : PhD in International Relations \u2013University of Manar Tunis, Palestine:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">Linda RABAYAA: Court, Jenin, Palestine:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0651\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Abstract:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">This paper interprets the capacity of international humanitarian law to provide protection for women in international and non-international armed conflicts. The paper showed that women\u2019s legal protection is deficient, namely, the structure of international humanitarian law and non-inclusion of women\u2019s issues. To ensure better results, reforming the international humanitarian law is necessary to achieve greater gender equality, especially peace and security can only be achieved by gender equality, and an analysis of the jurisprudence for the principle of allocation should be made specifically in International humanitarian law articles on women\u2019s rights issues in armed conflict.Keywords: International Humanitarian Law, Armed Conflict, Sexual Violence, Women, Peace.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 :<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0650\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c2016. https:\/\/www.unfpa.org\/sites\/default\/files\/pub-pdf\/unfpa_gbv_arb-singlepages1.pdf<br \/>\n\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u064a\u060c (2019)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 2018\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/news\/women\/2019\/1\/1\/%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9-2018-%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81-%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A6%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0630\u06cc\u0628 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c 26 \u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0648 2011\u060c http:\/\/www.anhri.net\/anhri.net\/index.html<br \/>\n\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a- \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0629 1 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627\u060c 2016\u060c http:\/\/www.ressjournal.com\/upload\/tum_bildiri_kitabi.pdf<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0641 2016http:\/\/www.shrc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/SYRIA5Y-REPORT-12-MARCH-Ar.pdf<br \/>\n\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 2016\u06354\u060c http:\/\/hchr.ps\/files\/document\/file1471864383.pdf<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Books:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Aretxaga, Bego\u00f1a, and Begoona Aretxaga. \u201cShattering silence: Women, nationalism, and political subjectivity in Northern Ireland.\u201d (1997).<br \/>\nDowler, Lorraine. \u201cTill death do us part: masculinity, friendship, and nationalism in Belfast, Northern Ireland.\u201d Environment and planning d: society and space1 (2002).<br \/>\nFisher, Siobhan K. \u201cOccupation of the womb: Forced impregnation as genocide.\u201d Duke LJ46 (1996).<br \/>\nPilloud, C., Sandoz, Y., Swinarski, C., &amp; Zimmermann, B. (Eds.). (1987). Commentary on the additional protocols: of 8 June 1977 to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.\u200f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Journals:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jane Bowness, International Human Rights Law (IHRL), International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and Complimentarity: A Feminist Approach (Jane Bowness) 2016.<br \/>\nJerbawi, Ali. \u201cInternational Conflicts and Women.\u201d Unpublished paper submitted to the 2nd Summit of the Arab Woman Organization, Abu Dhabi(2008).\u200f<br \/>\nLustig, Stuart L., et al. \u201cReview of child and adolescent refugee mental health.\u201d Journal of the<br \/>\nMcKay, Susan. \u201cThe effects of armed conflict on girls and women.\u201d Peace and Conflict 4.4 (1998).<br \/>\nNebesar, Darren Anne. \u201cGender-based Violence as a Weapon of War.\u201d UC Davis J. Int\u2019l L. &amp; Pol\u2019y4 (1998).\u200f<br \/>\nNiarchos, Catherine N. \u201cWomen, war, and rape: Challenges facing the international tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.\u201d Rts. Q.17 (1995).<br \/>\nShalhoub, Nadera,. Militarization and violence against women in conflict zones in the Middle East:A Palestinian case-study. Cambridge University Press, 2009.\u200f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Report:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Human Rights Watch.2014, We Are Still Here\u201d Women on the Front Lines of Syria\u2019s Conflict Activists, Others Detained and Abused by All Sides in the Conflict.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[1] \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c 2008\u0645\u060c \u06357 [2]\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0640\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0640\u0637 \u0628\u0640\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0640\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631\u060c ((ICRC\u060c\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c https:\/\/shop.icrc.org\/icrc\/pdf\/view\/id\/205<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[3]Nebesar, Darren Anne. \u201cGender-based Violence as a Weapon of War.\u201d UC Davis J. Int\u2019l L. &amp; Pol\u2019y 4 (1998): p147.\u200f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[4]Fisher, Siobhan K. \u201cOccupation of the womb: Forced impregnation as genocide.\u201d Duke LJ 46 (1996): p 91.\u200f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[5]\u201cHuman Rights Watch.2014, We Are Still Here\u201dWomen on the Front Lines of Syria\u2019s Conflict Activists, Others Detained and Abused by All Sides in the Conflict.<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.hrw.org\/report\/2014\/07\/02\/we-are-still-here\/women-front-lines-syrias-conflict# [6] \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627.\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646: http:\/\/sn4hr.org\/public_html\/wp-content\/pdf\/arabic\/International_Womens_Day_Continuous_abolition_of_womens_fundamental_rights_in_Syria.pdf [7] \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c 2014\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0648. \u0635 4 [8] \u0633\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f104\u060c\u0635 136 [9] \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 2016\u06354\u060c http:\/\/hchr.ps\/files\/document\/file1471864383.pdf [10] \u0633\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c 137. [11] \u0631\u0628\u0649 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0635\u060c 21<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[12]Niarchos, Catherine N. \u201cWomen, war, and rape: Challenges facing the international tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.\u201d Hum. Rts. Q. 17 (1995):p. 614<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[13]Dowler, Lorraine. \u201cTill death do us part: masculinity, friendship, and nationalism in Belfast, Northern Ireland.\u201d Environment and planning d: society and space 20.1 (2002): p. 55<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[14]McKay, Susan. \u201cThe effects of armed conflict on girls and women.\u201d Peace and Conflict 4.4 (1998): 387<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[15]Aretxaga, Bego\u00f1a, and Begoona Aretxaga. \u201cShattering silence: Women, nationalism, and political subjectivity in Northern Ireland.\u201d (1997): p322<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[16]Jerbawi, Ali. \u201cInternational Conflicts and Women.\u201d Unpublished paper submitted to the 2nd Summit of the Arab Woman Organization, Abu Dhabi (2008).\u200fp27<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[17]McKay, Susan. \u201cThe effects of armed conflict on girls and women.\u201d Peace and Conflict 4.4 (1998): 385.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[18]Shalhoub, Nadera,. Militarization and violence against women in conflict zones in the Middle East: A Palestinian case-study. Cambridge University Press, 2009.\u200f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[19]Jerbawi, Ali. \u201cInternational Conflicts and Women.\u201d Unpublished paper submitted to the 2nd Summit of the Arab Woman Organization, Abu Dhabi (2008).\u200fp28.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[20]McKay, Susan. \u201cThe effects of armed conflict on girls and women.\u201d Peace and Conflict 4.4 (1998): p383.<br \/>\n[21] \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646: \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0647\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 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\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[23]United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees https:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/ar\/4be7cc27207.html<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[24]World bank group . https:\/\/data.albankaldawli.org\/indicator\/sm.pop.refg<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[25]https:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/ar\/593fc9474.html<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[26]World bank group . https:\/\/data.albankaldawli.org\/indicator\/sm.pop.refg<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[27]Lustig, Stuart L., et al. \u201cReview of child and adolescent refugee mental health.\u201d Journal of the American Academy of Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry 43.1 (2004):p30<br \/>\n[28] \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627\u060c 2016\u060c \u0635 612\u060c http:\/\/www.ressjournal.com\/upload\/tum_bildiri_kitabi.pdf [30] \u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u064a\u060c (2019)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 2018\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/news\/women\/2019\/1\/1\/%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9-2018-%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81-%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A6%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86 [31] \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c 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[33] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (41\u060c43) \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[34] Jerbawi, Ali. \u201cInternational Conflicts and Women.\u201d Unpublished paper submitted to the 2nd Summit of the Arab Woman Organization, Abu Dhabi (2008) p19.<br \/>\n[35] \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0630\u06cc\u0628 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c 26 \u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0648 2011 \u060chttp:\/\/www.anhri.net\/anhri.net\/index.html [36] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 : \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641\u060c 8-3-2019. \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644: https:\/\/euromedmonitor.org\/uploads\/reports\/womenreport.pdf<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[37] \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 2018\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644: http:\/\/www.addameer.org\/ar\/content\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA<br \/>\n[38] \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1296 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 4130 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 19 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000. [39] \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0635318\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0643\u060c2018. [40]\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u060c 2011\u060c \u0635 26 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627. [41] \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2013 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u060c \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u060c 2007 \u060c \u0635 3 [42]\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c 2016 \u060c \u0635 7. [43] \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 3318 (\u062f-29) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 14 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1974. [44] \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 27\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0629 \u0641\u064a 12 \u0622\u0628\/\u0627\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1946.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[45]Jerbawi, Ali. \u201cInternational Conflicts and Women.\u201d Unpublished paper submitted to the 2nd Summit of the Arab Woman Organization, Abu Dhabi (2008).\u200fp33<br \/>\n[46]\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1888\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 30 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2009. [47] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (41\u060c43) \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629. [48] \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 5\/2\/\u0623\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977. [49]\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 16. [50]\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 17 . [51]\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 18. [52]\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 22. [53]\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 82. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 5\/2\/\u0623.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[54] Jerbawi, Ali. \u201cInternational Conflicts and Women.\u201d Unpublished paper submitted to the 2nd Summit of the Arab Woman Organization, Abu Dhabi (2008)p35.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[55]Jane Bowness, International Human Rights Law (IHRL), International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and Complimentarity: A Feminist Approach (Jane Bowness) 2016,p-p15-18.<br \/>\n[56] \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1998 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629(54).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[57]Jerbawi, Ali. \u201cInternational Conflicts and Women.\u201d Unpublished paper submitted to the 2nd Summit of the Arab Woman Organization, Abu Dhabi (2008)p40.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[58] \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 132\u060c150 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<br \/>\n[59]\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0637 4\u060c\u060c2004 \u0635 829. [60]\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 71\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f 81 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 11 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2016. [61] \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 2011\u060c \u0635 2. [62] \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u2013 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631\u060c \u060c2015\u0635 139.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[63]Pilloud, C., Sandoz, Y., Swinarski, C., &amp; Zimmermann, B. (Eds.). (1987). Commentary on the additional protocols: of 8 June 1977 to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.\u200fp 512.<br \/>\n[64] \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631\u060c2013\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629.\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646: https:\/\/www.icrc.org\/ar\/doc\/war-and-law\/contemporary-challenges-for-ihl\/overview-contemporary-challenges-for-ihl.htm \u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e10-2-2019. [65] \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1325 \u060c \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 4213 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 13\/10 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000. [66] \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1296 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 4130 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 19 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000. [67]\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0635\u0645 \u0639\u0648\u0636\u060c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u201d\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u06312016. [68] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 47 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 28 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 127 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 144 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 83 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 19 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u062a .<\/span> <\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a . International Protection of Women in Armed Conflict in accordance with International Humanitarian Law(IHL) \u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631(\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633). \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0631\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0639\u0629. \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 Hadi sheeb : PhD in International Relations \u2013University of Manar Tunis, Palestine: Linda RABAYAA: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":176915,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[10838,10781,15700],"class_list":["post-176914","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-6","tag-10838","tag-10781","tag-15700"],"views":2492,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/176914","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=176914"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/176914\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":176916,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/176914\/revisions\/176916"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/176915"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=176914"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=176914"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=176914"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}