{"id":163192,"date":"2019-12-15T00:43:20","date_gmt":"2019-12-14T21:43:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/?p=163192"},"modified":"2019-12-15T00:46:07","modified_gmt":"2019-12-14T21:46:07","slug":"%d8%a7%d8%b6%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/%d8%a7%d8%b6%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 – \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 “\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639” \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1 – \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 “Obligation of Conformity”:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a:
\n\u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 30 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0640: “\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980”) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647:
\n“\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629”.
\n\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0626 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u062a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639.
\nUNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON CONTRACTS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL SALE OF GOODS (1980) [CISG].
\nChapter II: “OBLIGATIONS OF THE SELLER”.
\nArticle 30:
\n“The seller must deliver the goods, hand over any documents relating to them and transfer the property in the goods, as required by the contract and this Convention”.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u2013 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 “\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629”.<\/p>\n

2 – \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a “\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629” \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647: “\u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646”. (\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: “\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 – \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980″\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\/ \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1996\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 3\u060c \u0635\u0640 2. \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 8418 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1996).<\/p>\n

3 – \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 “Obligation de R\u00e9sultat”\u060c (\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a: \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. (\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 4\u060c \u0635\u0640 2 \u0648 3).
\n\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643: \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647 “\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 … \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629” (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 30 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980). \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629”\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629: “\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f”\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 35 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 41 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 34 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 “INCOTERMS” \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u2013 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1990 \u2013 \u0628\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647: “\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f”. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639).
\n\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643: \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 (\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:
\n\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b- \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a.
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a (\u0623\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629) \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b (\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629). \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0630\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644.
\n\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b- \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645: \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0647\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0633\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 (\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646). (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 5\u060c \u0635\u0640 4 \u0648 5).<\/p>\n

4 – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0648\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629” \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645”\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u2013 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u2013 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 “\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645” \u2013 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u2013 \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0623\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f. \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062a\u064a \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0627\u064b. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 7\u060c \u0635\u0640 6\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f 20\u060c \u0635\u0640 19).<\/p>\n

5 – \u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 36 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647:
\n“\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642.
\n\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627”.
\nArticle 36:
\n(1) The seller is liable in accordance with the contract and this Convention for any lack of conformity which exists at the time when the risk passes to the buyer, even though the lack of conformity becomes apparent only after that time.
\n(2) The seller is also liable for any lack of conformity which occurs after the time indicated in the preceding paragraph and which is due to a breach of any of his obligations, including a breach of any guarantee that for a period of time the goods will remain fit for their ordinary purpose or for some particular purpose or will retain specified qualities or characteristics.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a.
\n\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u063a\u0631\u0636 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 36\/2) \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a (\u0628\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647). (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639” \u2013 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a \u2013 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 2002 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0628\u0646\u062f 96 \u2013 \u0635\u0640\u0640 139 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 10312 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2001).<\/p>\n

6 – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u0648: “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629”.
\n\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u2013 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b.
\n\u0648\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f”\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 35 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647:
\n“\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f”.
\nArticle 35:
\n(1) The seller must deliver goods which are of the quantity, quality and description required by the contract and which are contained or packaged in the manner required by the contract.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980\u060c “\u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629”. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: “\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639” \u2013 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0634\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u2013 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 1988 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0628\u0646\u062f 203 \u2013 \u0635\u0640 144).
\n\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u063a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 35 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980)([1])\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639” \u2013 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u2013 \u0628\u0646\u062f 94 \u2013 \u0635\u0640\u0640 137 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 2).
\n\u0641\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u0648\u062a \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u064f\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 26\u060c \u0635\u0640 30 \u0648 31).
\n\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u064f\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u064f\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0646\u0635\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647:
\n“\u064a\u064f\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629”.
\nArticle 7:
\n(1) In the interpretation of this Convention, regard is to be had to its international character and to the need to promote uniformity in its application and the observance of good faith in international trade.<\/p>\n

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\n\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645 8611\/76 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1997 ICC \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646.
\nICC Arbitration Case No. 8611 of 1997. Case text translated by Beate Satory. CISG W3 database, Pace University School of Law,
\nhttp:\/\/cisgw3.law.pace.edu\/cases\/978611i1.html#ta<\/p>\n

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\n\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0645\u0627: “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629” \u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629”.<\/p>\n

7 – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 “Qualitative Conformity”:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u064a\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0644\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0636\u062d\u0649 \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646: “\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u2013 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629” \u2013 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a \u2013 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u2013 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1976 \u2013 \u0628\u0646\u062f 57 \u2013 \u0635\u0640 364).
\n\u0648\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 35 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0644\u062d\u0638 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f (\u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f 13 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0639). \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 49 \u0648 50\u060c \u0635\u0640 60 \u0648 62).
\n\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 I.S.O (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 50\u060c \u0635\u0640 63).<\/p>\n

8 – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 “Functional Conformity”:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a.
\n\u0648\u0633\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0647. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 35 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647:
\n“\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u061b \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u2013 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0627\u064b \u2013 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f …”.
\nArticle 35:
\n(2) Except where the parties have agreed otherwise, the goods do not conform with the contract unless they:
\n(a) Are fit for the purposes for which goods of the same description would ordinarily be used;
\n(b) Are fit for any particular purpose expressly or impliedly made known to the seller at the time of the conclusion of the contract \u2026<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 68\u060c \u0635\u0640 92).([3])<\/p>\n

9 – “\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629” \u064a\u064f\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 36 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647: “\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642. \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627”.
\nArticle 36:
\n(1) The seller is liable in accordance with the contract and this Convention for any lack of conformity which exists at the time when the risk passes to the buyer, even though the lack of conformity becomes apparent only after that time.
\n(2) The seller is also liable for any lack of conformity which occurs after the time indicated in the preceding paragraph and which is due to a breach of any of his obligations, including a breach of any guarantee that for a period of time the goods will remain fit for their ordinary purpose or for some particular purpose or will retain specified qualities or characteristics.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 “Fundamental breach” \u0623\u064a \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0636\u0631\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645) \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f([4])\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0641\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0628\u0629.([5])\u060c([6])
\n\u0648\u0625\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0636\u0631\u0631\u0627\u064b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0647 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646.([7])\u060c([8])
\n\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a.([9]) (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 311\u060c \u0635\u0640 366 \u0648 367).<\/p>\n

10 – \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0634\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u2013 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u2013 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 “L`exception d`inex\u00e9cution”.
\n\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 71 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647: “\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647:
\n\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u062c\u0632 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0647\u061b \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647”.
\nArticle 71:
\n(1) A party may suspend the performance of his obligations if, after the conclusion of the contract, it becomes apparent that the other party will not perform a substantial part of his obligations as a result of:
\n(a) A serious deficiency in his ability to perform or in his creditworthiness; or
\n(b) His conduct in preparing to perform or in performing the contract.<\/p>\n

11 – \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0647\u064a:
\n\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 – \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0626 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629:
\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 “\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u2013 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u2013 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u064a:
\n\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a:
\n\u0646\u0635\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0626 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647.
\n\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u0644\u062c \u0648\u063a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u064f\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u2013 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u2013 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0634\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u062f\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0626 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u2013 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u2013 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630.([10]) (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 361\u060c \u0635\u0640 416 \u0625\u0644\u0649 418).
\n\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a – \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a:
\n\u0646\u0635\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u2013 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629.
\n\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0626 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 362\u060c \u0635\u0640 418).
\n\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b – \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629:
\n\u0635\u0627\u063a\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 “\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646” – ” it becomes apparent – Lorsque` il appara\u00eet “\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0649. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u064a\u0642\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 363\u060c \u0635\u0640 418 \u0648 419).
\n\u0641\u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0623\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 71\/1 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639” \u2013 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u2013 \u0628\u0646\u062f 136 \u2013 \u0635\u0640 199).
\n\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 – \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645:
\n\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n

12 – \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643.
\n\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 “\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643.([11])
\n\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u2013 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u2013 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639.([12]) (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 365\u060c \u0635\u0640 419 \u0648 420).
\n\u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: “\u0641\u0633\u062e \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1980” \u2013 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 2002 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0628\u0646\u062f 364 \u2013 \u0635\u0640 415 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627).
\n\u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 40 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647:
\n“\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 38 \u0648 39 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a”.
\nArticle 40:
\n“The seller is not entitled to rely on the provisions of articles 38 and 39 if the lack of conformity relates to facts of which he knew or could not have been unaware and which he did not disclose to the buyer”.<\/p>\n

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(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: “\u0641\u0633\u062e \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1980” \u2013 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u2013 \u0628\u0646\u062f 368 \u2013 \u0635\u0640 420 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627).([14])
\n\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 71 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u064f\u0636\u0650\u0649\u064e \u0628\u0623\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0627\u062b \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641([15]). \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

13 – \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630:<\/span><\/strong>
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\n\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u0633\u062e \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u2013 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u2013 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0632\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u2013 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u2013 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 366\u060c \u0635\u0640 420 \u0648 421).
\n\u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: “\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1980” \u2013 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u0639\u0635\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u2013 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 2004 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0635\u0640 59 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634).([16])
\n\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0641\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639).
\n\u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u064f\u0636\u0650\u0649\u064e \u0628\u0623\u0646: “\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 (\u0623\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630) \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630”.([17])<\/p>\n

14 – \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639” \u2013 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u2013 \u0628\u0646\u062f 123 \u2013 \u0635\u0640\u0640 178 \u0648\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 1. \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: “\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639” \u2013 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0634\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u2013 \u0628\u0646\u062f 281 \u2013 \u0635\u0640 203).
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u061b \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639.<\/p>\n

15 – \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0648\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629) \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0645 \u0636\u062f\u0647\u0627- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0636\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629) \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636\u061b \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 …\u0627\u0644\u062e.
\n\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u2013 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u2013 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0645 \u0636\u062f\u0647\u0627) \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0629 (\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627) \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0636\u062d\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0645 \u0636\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c\u060c\u060c<\/strong><\/p>\n

([1]) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 35 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647: “\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/span>
\n\u0623\u200c. \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639.<\/span>
\n\u0628\u200c. \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647.<\/span>
\n\u062a\u200c. \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c.<\/span>
\n\u062b\u200c. \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0623\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627”.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 “8” \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0640 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629” \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646 “\u0623” \u0648 “\u0628” \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629.<\/span>
\n([2]) \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646: “\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u064f\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645”.<\/span>
\nArbitration Board at C.R.C.I.C.A 7 July 1985 Lawsuit No. 1\/84<\/span>
\nArbitration Board at C.R.C.I.C.A 30 June 1993 Lawsuit No. 35\/92<\/span>
\n([3]) \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980: (UNCITRAL, Y.B. 1976, Vol. VII, No. 7, P. 110)<\/span>
\n([4]) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 25 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647: “\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f …”.<\/span>
\nArticle 25:<\/span>
\n“A breach of contract committed by one of the parties is fundamental if it results in such detriment to the other party as substantially to deprive him of what he is entitled to expect under the contract \u2026”.<\/span>
\n([5]) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 49 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647: “1- \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f: \u0623) \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f …”.<\/span>
\nArticle 49:<\/span>
\n“(1) The buyer may declare the contract avoided: (a) if the failure by the seller to perform any of his obligations under the contract or this Convention amounts to a fundamental breach of contract \u2026”.<\/span>
\n([6]) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 46 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647: “\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f …”.<\/span>
\nArticle 46:<\/span>
\n(2) If the goods do not conform with the contract, the buyer may require delivery of substitute goods only if the lack of conformity constitutes a fundamental breach of contract \u2026”.<\/span>
\n([7]) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 46 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647: “\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628”.<\/span>
\nArticle 46:<\/span>
\n(1) The buyer may require performance by the seller of his obligations unless the buyer has resorted to a remedy which is inconsistent with this requirement.<\/span>
\n([8]) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 50 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647: “\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a …”.<\/span>
\nArticle 50:<\/span>
\n“If the goods do not conform with the contract and whether or not the price has already been paid, the buyer may reduce the price in the same proportion as the value that the goods actually delivered had at the time of the delivery bears to the value that conforming goods would have had at that time \u2026”.<\/span>
\n([9]) \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 74 \u0625\u0644\u0649 78 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980.<\/span>
\n([10]) H. TAGHZOUTI, op. cit, 1985, P. 260<\/span>
\n([11]) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 71 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647: “\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 …”.<\/span>
\nArticle 71:<\/span>
\n(3) A party suspending performance, whether before or after dispatch of the goods, must immediately give notice of the suspension to the other party \u2026”.<\/span>
\n([12]) F. DESSMONTET, op. cit, 1993, P. 465<\/span>
\n([13]) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 39 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647: “<\/span>
\n\u0623\u200c. \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647.<\/span>
\n\u0628\u200c. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f”.<\/span>
\nArticle 39:<\/span>
\n“(1) The buyer loses the right to rely on a lack of conformity of the goods if he does not give notice to the seller specifying the nature of the lack of conformity within a reasonable time after he has discovered it or ought to have discovered it.<\/span>
\n(2) In any event, the buyer loses the right to rely on a lack of conformity of the goods if he does not give the seller notice thereof at the latest within a period of two years from the date on which the goods were actually handed over to the buyer, unless this time-limit is inconsistent with a contractual period of guarantee”.<\/span>
\n([14]) Stockholm Chamber of Commerce Arbitration, Award of 5 June 1998, (Beijing Light Automobile Co., Ltd. V. Connell Limited Partnership). Internet Web Sites: Last updated, February 24, 2000,<\/span>
\n“http\/\/cisgw3.law.pace.edu\/cases\/980605s5.html”.<\/span>
\n([15]) \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0631\u0642\u0645 338 \u2013 Oberlandesgericht Hamm – \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 23\/6\/1998. \u0645\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/span>
\nhttp:\/\/www.uncitral.org\/uncitral\/ar\/case_law\/digests\/cisg.html<\/span>
\n\u062b\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 71 :<\/span>
\nA\/CN.9\/SER.C\/DIGEST\/CISG\/71<\/span>
\n\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 7 \u2013 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0631\u0642\u0645 32.<\/span>
\n([16] ) Voir Plantard, op. cit., pp. 356 \u2013 357<\/span>
\n([17]) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: Landgericht Stendal – \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c 12\/10\/2000. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639:<\/span>
\nhttp:\/\/ cisgw3.law.pace.edu\/cisg\/text\/001012glgerman.html<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 8786 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1997 \u2013 UNILEX – \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0646: “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641”. \u0645\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/span>
\nhttp:\/\/www.uncitral.org\/uncitral\/ar\/case_law\/digests\/cisg.html<\/span>
\n\u062b\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 71 :<\/span>
\nA\/CN.9\/SER.C\/DIGEST\/CISG\/71<\/span>
\n\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 7 \u2013 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a 30 \u0648 31 .<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u062a .<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 “\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639” \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 1 – \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 “Obligation of Conformity”: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 30 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0640: “\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1980”) \u0639\u0644\u0649 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":163193,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[16622,16621,11826],"class_list":["post-163192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-6","tag-16622","tag-16621","tag-11826"],"views":3421,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/163192","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=163192"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/163192\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":163195,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/163192\/revisions\/163195"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/163193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=163192"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=163192"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=163192"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}