{"id":157857,"date":"2019-10-02T00:05:48","date_gmt":"2019-10-01T21:05:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/?p=157857"},"modified":"2019-10-02T00:05:48","modified_gmt":"2019-10-01T21:05:48","slug":"%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%84%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%84%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%81\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

Definition of cultural property protected in the event of armed conflicts<\/span><\/p>\n

in Islamic jurisprudence and international law<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a- \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sayed Ramadan Abdel Baqi Ismail<\/span><\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

The rules of international humanitarian law include the definition of cultural property protected during armed conflict,<\/p>\n

The Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in Armed Conflict of 1954 is the first international convention to include a general and detailed statement of what is meant by \u201ccultural property\u201d, and many previous and subsequent international attempts have been made to this Convention.<\/p>\n

However, the definition contained in that Convention was not without criticism, for the lack of specific criteria for measuring cultural significance, and for the definition of modern elements of cultural property, intangible cultural property and those belonging to ethnic minorities.<\/p>\n

In Islamic jurisprudence, the term \u201ccultural property\u201d was not mentioned specifically, but was dealt with like any other property belonging to combatants.<\/p>\n

Accordingly, cultural property in Islamic jurisprudence includes all cultural property: useful and beneficial, considered legitimate, and not used for worship and sanctification, and not used in spreading falsehood, and does not call for moral corruption.<\/p>\n

Cultural property can be defined as:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMovable, immovable or intangible property\u201d of great value to the cultural and spiritual heritage of peoples in accordance with criteria to be determined by UNESCO \u201d, whatever its origin or owner, such as architectural, artistic or historical buildings, religious or secular, archaeological sites, and collections of buildings which gain value. Historical or artistic works, artifacts, manuscripts, books and other objects of historical and archaeological value, as well as scientific collections, important collections of books, archives, electronic catalogs and reproductions of the aforementioned heritage. Cultural centers, such as museums, major books and archives, as well as bunkers intended for the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict. 3. Centers containing cultural property called \u201ccommemorative building centers\u201d for this purpose.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635:<\/strong><\/span>
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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a -\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0647\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0638\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u061b \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1- \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

2- \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

4- \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u064f\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

5- \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u061b \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

4- \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0623\u062d\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a .<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u061b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0638 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0661- \u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n

\u0663- \u0647\u0627\u064a\u0643 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0662- \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0664- \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0665- \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u064b\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1954<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a 1954 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a 1954<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u061f<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0647\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u061f<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629: \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u201c\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u201d \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627:<\/strong><\/span> \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627:<\/strong><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u064b\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1954<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627:<\/span> \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u06451863\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f( 34- 36- 44) \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u201d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u201d\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a: ( \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 ).<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1864 \u201d \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/span><\/p>\n

( \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c\u2026. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629\u2026\u2026 )([10]).<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627: \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1880 \u201c\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u201c\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0647 (34)\u060c (53) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n

(\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u201d \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644).<\/p>\n

\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u201c\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0634\u201d \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1935 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

( \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1954\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631\u201d \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0646\u0641\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n

2-\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a 1954 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

3- \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u201cImmovable Cultural property\u201d \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629\u201d movableCultural property \u201d \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 Intangible Cultural property \u201c\u201c.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a 1954 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a 1954 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u201c\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a([11]).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u201d\u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0623) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u062e\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

(\u0628) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u201c\u0623\u201d\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u201c\u0623\u201d \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d.<\/p>\n

(\u062c) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u201c\u0623\u201d \u0648\u201d\u0628\u201d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u201c\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1999 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629([12]).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u201c\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u062f\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627([13]).<\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627:<\/span> \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u201d \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629\u201d \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627:<\/span> \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627<\/span>: \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0645\u062a\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627([20]).<\/p>\n

\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 (\u062c) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a 1954:<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637([21])\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a 1954<\/span><\/p>\n

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2- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d.<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u201c\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0622\u0646\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629([36]).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635- \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u062a([37]).<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0623\u062a \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0641\u064a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u201d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u201d \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629([38]) .<\/p>\n

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\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0621 \u0647\u0648:<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0631\u064a\u0639\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0621 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c([40]).<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u2013 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u2013 \u0641\u0647\u064a:<\/span> \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0628\u0629([41]).<\/p>\n

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\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629([44]).<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\u0648\u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1-\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: \ufd3f\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0652\u0633\u0650\u062f\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0636\u0650 \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0635\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0652\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0647\u064f \u062e\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0637\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0631\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0650 \u0642\u064e\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0628\u064c \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0652\u0633\u0650\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e\ufd3e \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649:\ufd3f\u2026\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0652\u0633\u0650\u062f\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0636\u0650 \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0635\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0630\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u062e\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064c \u0644\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0645\u064f\u0624\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e\ufd3e([53]).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636: \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n

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\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0637\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0630\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0647 :\ufd3f\u062b\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0648\u0652\u062d\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0643\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0650 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0652 \u0645\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0628\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u064a\u0645\u064e \u062d\u064e\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0634\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0643\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e\ufd3e([56]).<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c -\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0631\u0641\u0629-\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064f\u0627:<\/span> \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0647\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

1-\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0629:<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c\u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633([77])\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u0646\u0641\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

2-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649:<\/strong><\/span> \ufd3f\u0648\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u0633\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0649 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0636\u0650 \u0644\u0650\u064a\u064f\u0641\u0652\u0633\u0650\u062f\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0647\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0631\u0652\u062b\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0644\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0650\u0628\u0651\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0627\u062f\u064e\ufd3e([78])\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643([79]).<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649:<\/strong><\/span> \ufd3f\u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062a \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0642\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064f\u0645 \u0633\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0646\u064c\u060c \u0641\u064e\u0633\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0652\u0636\u0650 \u0641\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0652\u0638\u064f\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0627\ufd3e\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: \ufd3f\u0623\u0641\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0633\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0652\u0636\u0650 \u0641\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0642\u064f\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0628\u064c \u064a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0642\u0650\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0622\u0630\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064c \u064a\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0627.\ufd3e\u060c\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649:\ufd3f\u0641\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0646\u064f\u0646\u064e\u062c\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0643\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0628\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0646\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0644\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062e\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0622\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0648\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0643\u064e\u062b\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633\u0650 \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0622\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u063a\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e\ufd3e\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627: \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0647\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0647:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0635\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u064b \u0627\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0635\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0647\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: \ufd3f\u0641\u064e\u0627\u062c\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0646\u0650\u0628\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0650\u062c\u0652\u0633\u064e \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0652\u062b\u064e\u0627\u0650\u0646\ufd3e([80])\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0637\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0639\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062d\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644:\ufd3f\u0648\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0644\u0652 \u062c\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0642\u0651\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0632\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0642\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0637\u0650\u0644\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0637\u0650\u0644\u064e \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0632\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627\ufd3e([81]).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0648 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0647:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

5- \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0631\u062c\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0634\u0626 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0647\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0647\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u061f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0635\u0635\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u061f \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0648: \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0633\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0651\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0630\u064a \u0631\u0648\u062d \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u064a \u0631\u0648\u062d([82]).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0633\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0647\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a([83])\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1-\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0637\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0630\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649:\ufd3f\u0641\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u062c\u064f\u0630\u064e\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u064a\u064e\u0631\u0652\u062c\u0650\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e\ufd3e([84])\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649:\ufd3f\u062b\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0648\u0652\u062d\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0643\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0650 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0652 \u0645\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0628\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u064a\u0645\u064e \u062d\u064e\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0634\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0643\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e\ufd3e([85]).<\/p>\n

2- \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0642 ( \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a ) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649: \ufd3f\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0652\u0638\u064f\u0631\u0652 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0647\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a \u0638\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650 \u0639\u064e\u0627\u0643\u0650\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0646\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0642\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u062b\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0633\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u064a\u064e\u0645\u0651\u0650 \u0646\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0641\u064b\u0627\ufd3e([86]).<\/p>\n

3-\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a : {\u062d\u0637\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0645\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0645\u064b\u0627([87])\u060c\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062d\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: \ufd3f\u0648\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0644\u0652 \u062c\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0642\u0651\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0632\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0642\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0637\u0650\u0644\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0637\u0650\u0644\u064e \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0632\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627\ufd3e}([88]).<\/p>\n

4-\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f\u064a: { \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 : { \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0637\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647}([89]).<\/p>\n

4-\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0641\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0637\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627:<\/span> \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627:<\/span> \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1954 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u201d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a ( \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637) \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627:<\/span> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u2013 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0630\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627:<\/span> \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627:\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0649\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c 1997\u060c \u06373\u060c \u062c13.
\n\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1405 \u0647\u0640\u060c \u06371 .
\n\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c\u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f\u060c\u060c\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642:\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c\u060c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c1999\u060c\u062c 4.
\n\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0637 1\u060c 1989.
\n\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c1993\u060c \u06371.
\n\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0637 1.
\n\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u062f\u060c \u06371\u060c 2001.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1393 \u0647\u0640\u060c \u06372\u060c \u062c4.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a:
\n\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1412\u0647\u0640\u060c \u06371.
\n\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1392 \u0647\u0640\u060c \u0637 2\u060c \u062c16.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 1752 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 30597.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0637. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1407\u0647\u0640\u060c \u062a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u0627.
\n\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0642\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.
\n\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0630\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2000.
\n\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u063a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u06371\u060c 2009.
\n\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0646\u060c 1984\u060c \u0637 1\u060c \u062c 1.
\n\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0649\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c 2002.
\n\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0637\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a.
\n\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0639 \u0634\u0644\u0628\u0649\u060c \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u2013 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 -\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0637 1\u060c 1983.
\n\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u06371\u060c 1999.
\n\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c 1397 \u0647\u0640\u060c \u06371.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1979.
\n\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062e\u0633\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0648\u0637\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1406\u0647\u0640\u060c \u06372\u060c \u062c10.
\n\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062c 6\u060c .
\n\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062a. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u062c 2.
\n\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062c 5.
\n\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u060c \u0637 1 \u060c 2002.
\n\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u2013 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 -\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c 1998.
\n\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 2006.
\n\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u060c\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 Alkabir \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.
\n\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0645\u0649 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u060c 1978 \u060c \u0635 40.
\n\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631
\n\u0622\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631
\n\u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u062d\u0644\u0633\u060c \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c2007\u060c \u0635 8.
\n\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0649 1954 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 40 \u060c 1984.
\n\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a: http:\/\/www.mawlawi.net.
\n\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1863.
\n\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1864.
\n\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1880.
\n\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1899\u060c 1907.
\n\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1935.
\n\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1949.
\n\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1954.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 1949 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1977.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a 1954 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1999.
\n\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064b\u0627:\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n

UN, document, S\/25704, 3 May 1993.
\nA \/ CN.4 \/ L.602\/Rev.1,26 July 2001UN. Doc.
\nLongman dictionary of contemporary English.
\nI. Bhat,\u201d Protection of Cultural Property under International Humanitarian Law: Some Emerging Trends \u201c, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, 2004.
\nIshwara, \u201cProtection Of Cultural Property Under International humanitarian Law: Some Emerging Trends\u201d, paper presented at the Seminar on International Humanitarian Law, University of Mysore, June 2000.
\nJ. Boylan, \u201cReview of the Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property\u201d, UNESCO ,1993 , CLT-9J \/Wh \/12, (note11), p.147;
\nJ. Boylan, \u201cThe Concept of Cultural Protection in Times of Armed Conflict: from the Crusades to the New Millennium, London: Routledge.
\nPierre Ducrey, Le traitement des prisonniers de guerre dans la Gr\u00e8ce antique, Des origines \u00e0 la conqu\u00eate romaine, \u00c9ditions E. de Boccard, Paris, 1968.
\nDesch ,\u201d Problems in the Implementation of the Convention from the Perspective of International Law\u201d in\u201d Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict \u2013 a Challenge in Peace Support Operations\u201d, Vienna , 2002 .
\nSadoz , and others (eds.), \u201d Commentary on additional Protocols of 8 June 1977 to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949\u2033, 1987, para. 4844.
\n\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n

Abtahi, \u201cThe Protection of Cultural Property in Times of Armed Conflict: The Practice of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia\u201d, H.H.R.J(Harvard Human Rights Journal) , vol.14, Spring 2001.
\nMerryman, \u201cTwo Ways of Thinking about Cultural Property\u201d, A.J.I.L,(American Journal of International Law), vol. 80 , 1986.
\nBlake,\u00abOn defining the cultural heritage \u00bb, International & Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 49, 2000.
\nManlio , F., Cultural property v. cultural heritage: A \u201cbattle of concepts\u201d in international law?, I.R.R.C(International Review of the Red Cross), June, 2004, Vol. 86, No. 854.
\nO\u2019Keefe, \u00ab The meaning of \u2018cultural property\u2019 under the 1954 Hague Convention \u00bb, N.I.L.R(Netherlands International Law Review) , Vol. 46, 1999.
\nLambert, \u201d Recalling the War Crimes Trails of World War II\u201d, M.L.R, vol, 149, 1995.
\nPrott et J. O\u2019Keefe, \u00ab \u2018Cultural heritage\u2019 or \u2018cultural property\u2019? \u00bb, I.J.C.P,(International Journal of Cultural Property) Vol. 1, 1992.
\nVittorio, Mainetti.,\u201dDe nouvelles perspectives pour la protection des biens culturels en cas de conflit arm\u00e9 : l\u2019entr\u00e9e en vigueur du Deuxi\u00e8me Protocole relatif \u00e0 la Convention de La Haye de 1954, I.R.R.C . June, 2004, Vol. 86 , No 854.
\n([1]) \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 :<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u201d property\u201d \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629.\u060cProperty: (n , u) land , buildings or both together\u2013common property: an article shared or used by all , Longman, dictionary of contemporary English , p.880 . \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629\u201d Biens\u201d \u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u201c\u201dBiens Culturels \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f.\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0636\u0627\u060c\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 Alkabir\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635 1038.<\/p>\n

([2]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 19.<\/p>\n

([3]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 57.<\/p>\n

([4])\u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0633: \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u0639\u060c \u062d \u0631\u0642\u0645: 5470.<\/p>\n

([5])\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628: \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629: \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0644\u062b\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631: \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0641.<\/p>\n

([6]) \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u062d\u0644\u0633\u060c\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c2007\u060c \u0635 8.<\/p>\n

([7])\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a: \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c 1327\u0647\u0640\u060c \u06351.<\/p>\n

([8]) \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u201d \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u201d \u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629:\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u201cCulture \u201d \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u201cColere \u201c\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u201cCivilization\u201d \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0628\u060c \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a: \u060c \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a 25\/4\/2010\u061b\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u2013 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u2013 \u0635 238\u061b<\/p>\n

Culture:(1) a state of high development in art and thought existing in society and represented at various levels in its members , (2) the particular system of art , thought and customs of a society ; the arts , customs , beliefs and all the other products of human thought made by a people at a particular time ; ancient Greek culture., Longman dictionary, op.cit, p.270.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629\u201d\u201d Culture \u201d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Larousse, p. 273 .<\/p>\n

(9) \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u060c 2002\u060c \u0637 1\u060c \u0635 39.<\/p>\n

([10]) J. Merryman., \u201ctow ways of thinking about cultural property\u201d, A.J.I.L, vol. 80 , 1986, p.834.86, p.834<\/p>\n

([11]) F. Manlio, \u201cCultural property v. cultural heritage: A \u201cbattle of concepts\u201d in international law?\u201d, I.R.R.C, June, 2004, Vol. 86, No. 854, p.367.<\/p>\n

([12])\u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 (\u0628) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1999 \u0639\u0644\u0649: (\u0628) \u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0640(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (1) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

([13]) \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 40.<\/p>\n

([14]) \u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1954\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 40 \u060c 1984\u060c \u0635249.<\/p>\n

([15]) D. Fleck, \u201cThe Handbook of Humanitarian Law in Armed Conflict\u201d, 1999, p.382.<\/p>\n

([16]) V. Maintti, .,\u201dDe nouvelles perspectives pour la protection des biens culturels en cas de conflit arm\u00e9 : l\u2019entr\u00e9e en vigueur du Deuxi\u00e8me Protocole relatif \u00e0 la Convention de La Haye de 1954, IRRC . June, 2004, Vol. 86 , No 854, p347.<\/p>\n

([17])\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c 2006\u060c \u0637 1\u060c \u0635 155-156.\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 41-42.<\/p>\n

([18]) . J. Boylan, \u201cReview of the Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property\u201d, UNESCO ,1993 , CLT-9J \/Wh \/12, (note11), p.147;P. Ishwara, \u201d Protection of Cultural Property Under International humanitarian Law: Some Emerging Trends,paper presented at the Seminar on International Humanitarian Law\u201d, University of Mysore,June, 2000,pp.6-7.<\/p>\n

([19]) V, Maintti, \u201cDe nouvelles perspectives pour la protection des biens culturels\u201d, 2004, op.cit , p.348 ; ; R. O\u2019Keefe, \u201d The meaning of \u2018cultural property\u2019 under the 1954 Hague Convention\u201d, N.I.L.R, Vol. 46, 1999, p.30; J.Toman, \u201d La Protection des Bien Culturels dans les ConflitsArmes Internationaux;Cadre Juridique et Institutionnel\u201d,1996,pp.49-50.<\/p>\n

([20]) Boylan, \u201cReview of the Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property\u201d, op.cit,p.26;P. Ishwara,\u201dProtection Of Cultural Property Under International humanitarian Law\u201d, op.cit , p.7.<\/p>\n

([21])\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (2) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u06452002\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649: ( \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a- \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u062c\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0644. \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629= =\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629).<\/p>\n

([22])T. Desch, ,\u201d Problems in the Implementation of the Convention from the Perspective of International Law\u201d in\u201d Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict \u2013 a Challenge in Peace Support Operations\u201d, Vienna , 2002, p.17.<\/p>\n

([23])A. F. Vrdoljak,\u201dCultural Heritage in Human Rights and Humanitarian Law\u201d, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia, 2006, pp.19-20.<\/p>\n

([24])Y.Sadoz , and others (eds.), \u201d Commentary on additional Protocols of 8 June 1977 to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949\u2033, 1987, Para. 4844.<\/p>\n

([25])\u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (53) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (1977) \u0646\u0635\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649:(\u062a\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 14 \u0622\u064a\u0627\u0631 \/ \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1954 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639:\u2026\u2026) \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1954\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

([26]) \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c 2002\u060c\u0635 328-329\u060c\u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c 1978\u060c \u0635 40.<\/p>\n

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([30]) Boylan, \u201cReview of the Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property\u201d, op.cit,p.51.<\/p>\n

([31]) \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n

– \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0647 1956\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a 1954.<\/p>\n

– \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (1).=<\/p>\n

=- \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a 1976 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (1)\u060c\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 1978\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629(1).- \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 1976.<\/p>\n

([32]) J.Blake,\u201dOn defining the cultural heritage\u201d,I.C.L.Q, Vol. 49, 2000, pp. 61-85.<\/p>\n

([33]) \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

Roger O\u2019Keefe, \u201cThe meaning of \u2018cultural property\u2019 under the 1954 Hague Convention\u201d, op.cit, pp. 26-56; V. Prott et J. O\u2019Keefe, \u201cCultural heritage\u2019 or \u2018cultural property?\u201d , I. J. C. P, Vol. 1, 1992, pp. 307-320.<\/p>\n

([34]) F.Manlio, \u201cCultural property v. cultural heritage\u201d, A \u201cbattle of concepts\u201d in international law?, I.R.R.C, June, 2004, Vol. 86, No. 854,p.369.<\/p>\n

([35])H. Abtahi,\u201dThe Protection of Cultural Property in Times of Armed Conflict:The Practice of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, H. H.R.J,Vol.14, Spring 2001,p.6.;Legal and Practical Measures Against IllicitTrafficking in Cultural Property, UNESCO,Handbook, CLT\/CH\/INS\/66\/22, p.4;How to define \u201cCultural Property\u201d?, http\/culture. unesco.org,2008.<\/p>\n

([36])\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u2013 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 -\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c 1998\u060c \u063524\u061b \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1932 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:1-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1932\u0645. 2 \u2013 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1937\u06453-\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a 1938\u0645.4- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1945\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646. 5- \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 1951\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a: \u0623- \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639. \u0628- \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u062c- \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629. \u062f \u2013 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

([37])\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 2006\u060c \u0635 804.<\/p>\n

([38]) \u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 .<\/p>\n

([39])\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1405 \u0647\u0640\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0635 121\u061b \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1412\u0647\u0640\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0635 1809\u061b \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0649\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062c 6\u060c \u0635 72\u061b\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0639 \u0634\u0644\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u2013 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 -\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0637 1\u060c 1983\u060c \u063532.<\/p>\n

([40]) \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642\u060c 1989\u060c \u0637 1\u060c \u0635 75 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062e\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0648\u0637\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u06371\u060c \u062c 10\u060c \u0635 7\u061b \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1979\u060c \u0635 75 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

([41]) \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 553.<\/p>\n

([42]) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 550.<\/p>\n

([43]) \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u062f \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

([44]) \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u060c\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u063a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c2009\u060c \u06371\u060c \u063522-23.<\/p>\n

([45]) \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 1809\u061b \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c1997\u060c \u06373\u060c \u062c 13\u060c \u0635144.<\/p>\n

([46]) \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c1993\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0635 181.<\/p>\n

([47])\u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0647\u060c \u062d \u0631\u0642\u0645:1562\u061b \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 181\u060c 184.<\/p>\n

([48]) \u0622\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 32.<\/p>\n

([49]) \u0622\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 38.<\/p>\n

([50])\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u06312001\u060c \u0635 49.<\/p>\n

([51]) \u0622\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 39.<\/p>\n

([52]) \u0646\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627: \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u064e\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

([53]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 56\u060c 85.<\/p>\n

([54]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 30.<\/p>\n

([55]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 97.<\/p>\n

([56]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 123.<\/p>\n

([57]) \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644.<\/p>\n

([58]) \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d ( \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0642\u0645: 4332).<\/p>\n

([59]) \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d ( \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0642\u0645: 4333).<\/p>\n

([60]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 67\u061b \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u062c3 -4\u060c \u0635413.<\/p>\n

([61]) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 436 -437.<\/p>\n

([62]) \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062a. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u062c 2\u060c \u0635 249-250.<\/p>\n

([63])\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 : \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 : \u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u064a\u0644\u062d \u0631\u0642\u0645: \u0663.<\/p>\n

([64])\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u062c8\u060c \u0635 89.<\/p>\n

([65]) \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u062c4\u060c \u0635 179.<\/p>\n

([66]) \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 457.<\/p>\n

([67]) \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 130.<\/p>\n

([68]) \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c 1397 \u0647\u0640\u060c \u0637 1\u060c \u062c 4\u060c \u0635 272.<\/p>\n

([69]) \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0648\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 19.<\/p>\n

([70]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 125.<\/p>\n

([71]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 46.<\/p>\n

([72]) \u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 611.<\/p>\n

([73]) \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0635126.<\/p>\n

([74]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 108.<\/p>\n

([75]) \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0635125.<\/p>\n

([76]) \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0635 138 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

([77]) \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 42 \u2013 43.<\/p>\n

([78]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 205.<\/p>\n

([79]) \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 42 \u2013 43.<\/p>\n

([80]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 30<\/p>\n

([81]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 81.<\/p>\n

([82]) \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a: http:\/\/www.mawlawi.net \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a 31\/ 8\/ 2011.<\/p>\n

([83]) \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u062f \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0629- \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c\u0664\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0661\u0664\u0662\u0664\u0647\u0640\u060c \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0661\u0664\u0665\u0669\u0660\u060c\u0662\u0635\u0641\u0631\u0661\u0664\u0662\u0664\u0647\u0640\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0661\u0664\u0662\u0664\u0647\u0640\u060c\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4618)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649: http:\/\/www.muslm.net\/vb\/showthread.php?t=157122= .<\/p>\n

([84]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 63.<\/p>\n

([85]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 123.<\/p>\n

([86]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 97.<\/p>\n

([87]) \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0642\u0645: 2478.<\/p>\n

([88]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 81.<\/p>\n

([89]) \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0632 ( \u062d \u0631\u0642\u0645: 969 )\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f ( \u062d \u0631\u0642\u0645: 683)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0632 ( \u062d \u0631\u0642\u0645: 3218)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0632 ( \u062d \u0631\u0642\u0645: 1049)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0632 ( \u062d \u0631\u0642\u0645: 2031 ).<\/p>\n

([90])\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 805- 806 .<\/p>\n

([91]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 95 \u2013 96\u061b \u062d\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0637\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u0651\u064e\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: \ufd3f\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0628\u064e\u0644\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0643\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064f\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0647\u064e\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u064e\u0627\u0633\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e\ufd3e\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n

([92]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 91\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0646\u0627: ( \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 ) \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0639\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635808 \u2013 809.<\/p>\n

([93]) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 809.<\/p>\n

([94]) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 809.<\/p>\n

([95]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0623\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 13.<\/p>\n

([96])\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 807.<\/p>\n

([97]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 52 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 58.<\/p>\n

([98]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 90.<\/p>\n

([99]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0623\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 13.<\/p>\n

([100]) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 95- 96.<\/p>\n

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\n\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u062a<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a Definition of cultural property protected in the event of armed conflicts in Islamic jurisprudence and international law \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a- \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631. Sayed Ramadan Abdel Baqi Ismail Abstract: The rules of international humanitarian […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":157858,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[2514,10781,15699,15700,663],"class_list":["post-157857","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-6","tag-2514","tag-10781","tag-15699","tag-15700","tag-663"],"views":2811,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/157857","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=157857"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/157857\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":157859,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/157857\/revisions\/157859"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/157858"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=157857"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=157857"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=157857"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}