{"id":135791,"date":"2018-11-20T00:04:57","date_gmt":"2018-11-19T21:04:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/?p=135791"},"modified":"2018-11-20T00:04:57","modified_gmt":"2018-11-19T21:04:57","slug":"%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab-%d9%88%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%af%d8%a3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%81%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab-%d9%88%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%af%d8%a3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%81%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/span><\/p>\n

The effect of group of companies\u2019 doctrine in extending the arbitration agreement to a non-signatory party<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u062a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0631\u0642 \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0647\u0648<\/span> \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062d\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/span> \u064a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0631\u062d\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062c\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Dow Chemical v Isover St. Gobain \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0639\u0631\u062c \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0641\u062d\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 “\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627”\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0633\u0646\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Dow Chemical v Isover St. Gobain \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0633\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0626 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0633\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0633 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Dow Chemical v Isover St. Gobain[1] \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 The Dow Chemical Company (USA) \u0648\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a Dow Chemical (France) \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 Affiliates \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Dow Chemical A.G. (Swiss) \u0648 Dow Chemical Europe (Swiss) \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Isover Saint Gobain (France) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 (Dow AG \u0648 Dow Europe) \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0641\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 The Dow Chemical Company (USA) \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0648\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u2013 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 Dow Chemical (France) \u2013 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627 same economic reality” \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0623\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u2013 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645[2] \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a” \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u2013 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629[3].<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n

1- \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a “\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (461) \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0645 117 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2001 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

“\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u2013 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n

– \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n

– \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.”<\/span> \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645[4].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 Mother Company \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0629 Subsidiaries\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u200c-<\/span> \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u200c-<\/span> \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627 one economic reality \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629[5].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0644\u0640 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”:<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 “<\/span>\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629”[6].<\/p>\n

– \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 “\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629”[7].<\/p>\n

2- \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0646 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 “\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627” \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629<\/span>\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0635\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631[8]\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 “\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627”[9]\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648”\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629” \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u2013 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u2013 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0639\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 Multinational company<\/span> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0640”\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644[10] \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 The Dow Chemical \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Dow Chemical v Isover St. Gobain \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 Economic interest grouping \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 L251-1 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 L251-23<\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 L251-4 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0642\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0646 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627[11].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”<\/span> \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u062e\u0631\u0642 \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645[12]\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1-<\/span> \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 “\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627”.<\/p>\n

2-<\/span> \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n

3-<\/span> \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062c\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Dow Chemical v Isover St. Gobain \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0644\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0640 “\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f” \u0623\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0636\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f[13].<\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646[14][15]\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u062b\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0648\/\u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Dow Chemical v Isover St. Gobain<\/span> \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Dow Chemical v Isover St. Gobain \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630[16]\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u2013 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u2013 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0648<\/span> \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0631\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 UNIDROIT principles[17] \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 2.1.1 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/span> “\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629”\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 (1) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 4.1 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: “\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641”\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621[18] \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0648\u0646: \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0646: \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Dow Chemical v Isover St. Gobain \u0642\u062f \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0631\u063a\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062d\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0646\u0641\u0627[19].<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Dow Chemical v Isover St. Gobain \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Sponsor A.B. v. Lestrade \u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646[20].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Kis France v. Societe Generale \u0636\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 Kis France \u0648 Kis Photo \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”[21].<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 “\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627”\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f” \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0633\u0627\u0626\u063a\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0622\u0646\u0641\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0626\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a[22]\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 Corporate links \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639[23].<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0645 9517 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0632\u0639\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a[24].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u2013 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u2013 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u2013 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u2013<\/span> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”<\/span> \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 “\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 tight group structure” \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 13774 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0641\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629[25].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0631\u0642\u0645 10818 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u2013 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u2013 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 “\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 tight group structure” \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629[26].<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0640 “\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f” \u0648”\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629” \u0648”\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645”<\/span> \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0639\u0628.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646[27] \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 “\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629” \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0647\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0645 11160 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0646\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u2013 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u2013 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u063a\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645[28].<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0637\u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0644\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a civil law systems<\/span> \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 “\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645”\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629[29].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”<\/span> \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1989 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 203(1) \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0640 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: “.. \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u0641\u0627[30].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”<\/span> \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0647[31].<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0629 L \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 L \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0628\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1999 \u0628\u064a\u0646 IPH \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647\u0627 L \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 BIP \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u062a BIP \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 L\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0644\u0647\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0640 IPH \u0648 L.<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0634\u0641\u0627\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0623\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0640 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627[32].<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0624\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0634\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646:<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Dow Chemical \u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0626\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u2013 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u2013 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a L \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 IPH \u0648 BIP\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 L \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a[33].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 2(1) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 7(1) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0647\u0628\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0643\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649: L \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u2013 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u2013 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627[34].<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 common law \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 J.J. Ryan & Sons v. Rhone Poulenc Textile \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633) Estoppel[35] \u0648\u0641\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631 Veil-Piercing \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0640 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 [36]Alter Ego\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0640 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0643\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Sahrank<\/span> \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0636\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631 Veil-Piercing \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a Estoppel \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 Incorporation by reference\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648”\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 New York Society of Maritime Arbitrations<\/span> \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Map Tankers \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Caparo Group Ltd v Fagor Arrastate Sociedad Cooparative<\/span> \u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Fagor \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 CML \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 Fagor \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Caparo \u2013 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 60% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 CML \u2013 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062f \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0627 Fagor \u0648 CML \u0628\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 Caparo \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0623\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Peterson Farms Inc. v. C&M Farming Limited \u0641\u0647\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 (\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 C&M) \u062f\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 Peterson \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f) \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0648\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 Peterson \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0628\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0628\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a C&M group \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 C&M \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643\u062a \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 Peterson \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 Peterson Farms \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 Peterson \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0639 C&M \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646 C&M \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0637\u0639\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629:<\/span> “\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 … \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u2013 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u2013 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643”[37]\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0621 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0644\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644[38]:<\/p>\n

– \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 ICC \u0631\u0642\u0645 4972 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

– \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 ICC \u0631\u0642\u0645 5721 \u0648 5730 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645.<\/p>\n

– \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 ICC \u0631\u0642\u0645 5103 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0644\u0644\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n

– \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 ICC \u0631\u0642\u0645 6519 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

– \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 ICC \u0631\u0642\u0645 7604 \u0648 7610 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0643\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0640 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”<\/span> \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0647\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644” \u0644\u0643\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 “\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 instrumentality concept”\u060c \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629” \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647[39].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629” \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0645 ICC \u0631\u0642\u0645 6465 \u0641\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0633 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0633 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0633 \u0628\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0633[40].<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 Vivendi \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 ICSID \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629” \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 the state entity\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1995 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a Compagnie Generale des Eaux \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0629 Campania de Aguas del Aconquija, S.A. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 Tucuman \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629) \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 ICC \u0631\u0642\u0645 9762 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629[41].<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u062b\u064a\u062b.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062e\u0631\u0642 \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u0645\u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0647\u064a \u2013 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u2013 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u2013 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u2013 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0648\u063a \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0631\u0642 \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u2013 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u2013 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f 117 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2001 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 6 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2001 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (1). \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c 7 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2001 \u0639\u062f\u062f 98 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 4791<\/p>\n

– \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 1 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2016\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2016\u060c \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 1273.<\/p>\n

– \u0639\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2013.<\/p>\n

– \u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 61\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2016.<\/p>\n

– \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 28 \u0625\u0644\u0649 30 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2008\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n

– \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 2007.<\/p>\n

– \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0641<\/p>\n

\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 2001.<\/p>\n

– \u062d\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642\u064a<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

– French commercial code, last update 30th march 2006, available at: www.legifrance.gouv.fr<\/p>\n

– ICC Award No. 2375, Clunet 1976, at 973 et seq. available at: https:\/\/www.trans-lex.org\/202375\/_\/icc-award-no-2375-clunet-1976-at-973-et-seq\/<\/p>\n

– ICC Award No.1434, Clunet 1976, at 978 et seq. https:\/\/www.trans-lex.org\/201434\/_\/icc-award-no1434-clunet-1976-at-978-et-seq\/<\/p>\n

– ICC Case No. 4131, Y.C.A. Vol. IX (1984), 131. Available at: https:\/\/www.trans-lex.org\/204131\/_\/icc-award-no-4131-yca-1984-at-131-et-seq-\/<\/p>\n

– Society of Maritime Arbitrators, Inc., New York, Partial Final Award No. 1510, 28 November 1980, VII Yearbook Commercial Arbitration, American Awards, p. 151 (1982).<\/p>\n

– Irmgard Anna Rodler. When are non-signatories bound by the arbitration agreement in international commercial arbitration?. University of Chile and University of Heidelberg. March 2012.<\/p>\n

– Osman Erturk Ozel. The group of companies\u2019 doctrine as a non-signatory issue in arbitration agreements. Available at: http:\/\/ozel.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/ozel_articles-002.pdf<\/p>\n

– William W.Park. Non-Signatories and international contracts: an arbitrator\u2019s dilemma. Oxford 2009. Available at the ICCA website at: http:\/\/www.arbitration-icca.org\/media\/4\/80099054862031\/media012571271340940park_joining_non-signatories.pdf<\/p>\n

– UNIDROIT principles of international commercial contracts 2016 available at unidroit.org<\/p>\n

– Brekoulakis (n 4) 6.04; Alexandre Meyniel, \u2018That Which Must Not Be Named: Ra onalizing the Denial of US Courts with Respect to the Group of Companies Doctrine\u2019 (2013) 3 Arb. Brief 18, 50.<\/p>\n

– Alona Kiriak. Arbitral jurisdiction over non-signatories: the \u2018group of companies\u2019 doctrine. Central European university. March 27, 2015. Available at: http:\/\/www.etd.ceu.hu\/2015\/kiriak_alona.pdf<\/p>\n

– Kirstin Schwedt and Julia Grothaus, \u2018when does an arbitration agreement have a binding effect on non-signatories? The group of companies\u2019 doctrine vs conflict of laws rules and public policy\u2019, Kluwer Arbitration Blog, July 30 2014. Available at: http:\/\/arbitrationblog.kluwerarbitration.com\/2014\/07\/30\/when-does-an-arbitration-agreement-have-a-binding-effect-on-non-signatories-the-group-of-companies-doctrine-vs-conflict-of-laws-rules-and-public-policy\/<\/p>\n

– “Estoppel”. Black’s Law Dictionary. Retrieved 18 December 2015<\/p>\n

– 241Court of Appeals, Paris, 31 October 1989, in A.J. van den Berg, Yearbook Commercial Arbitration 145-9, (Vol. XVI 1991).<\/p>\n

– Stephan Wilske, Laurence Shore & Jan-Michael Ahrens. The \u2018Group of Companies\u2019 doctrine\u2019 where is it heading?. The American review of international arbitration. 17 am. Rev. Int\u2019l Arb. 73. 2006.<\/p>\n

– ICC case No. 6465, Aug. 15, 1991 interim award.<\/p>\n

– ICC case No. 9762 (2001)<\/p>\n

– alter ego. (n.d.) West’s Encyclopedia of American Law, edition 2. (2008). Retrieved March 15 2018 from https:\/\/legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com\/alter+ego<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 …………………………………………………………………………………………………
\n2
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” …………………..
\n3
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a ………………………………………………………………
\n4
\n\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a……………………………………………………………….
\n4
\n\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 ………………………..
\n5
\n1- \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” …………………………………………………………………..
\n6
\n2- \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 “\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627…………………………………………….
\n6
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” ……………………………………………….
\n8
\n\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” …………………………………………………………
\n8
\n\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f” …………
\n11
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 ……………………………………..
\n14
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 ………………………………………………
\n14
\n\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a …………………………….
\n14
\n\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 ………………………………..
\n17
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 ………………………………………………
\n19
\n\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” …………………………………
\n20
\n\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a” \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 .
\n20
\n\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 ……………………………………………………………………………………………….<\/span>
\n22<\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 ……………………………………………………………………………………<\/span>
\n23<\/p>\n

[1] ICC Case No. 4131, Y.C.A. Vol. IX (1984), 131.
\n[2] ICC Award No. 2375, Clunet 1976, at 973 et seq. and ICC Award No.1434, Clunet 1976, at 978 et seq.
\n[3] Society of Maritime Arbitrators, Inc., New York, Partial Final Award No. 1510, 28 November 1980, VII Yearbook Commercial Arbitration, American Awards, p. 151 (1982).
\n[4] \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f 117 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2001 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 6 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2001 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (1). \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u2013 7 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2001 \u0639\u062f\u062f 98 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 4791
\n[5] \u062f.\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645: \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a) \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 28-30 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2008\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u063569-71
\n[6] \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 2007\u060c \u063526.
\n[7] \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 2001\u060c \u0635232.
\n[8] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (243) \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 1 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2016 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 1273\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2016
\n[9] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (463) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 117 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2001\u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.
\n[10] \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063523.
\n[11] \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a 30 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2006\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a www.legifrance.gouv.fr.
\n[12] Irmgard Anna Rodler. When are non-signatories bound by the arbitration agreement in international commercial arbitration?. University of Chile and University of Heidelberg. March 2012.
\n[13] Ibid.
\n[14] Ibid.
\n[15] Osman Erturk Ozel. The group of companies\u2019 doctrine as a non-signatory issue in arbitration agreements.
\n[16] William W.Park. Non-Signatories and international contracts: an arbitrator\u2019s dilemma. Oxford 2009.
\n[17] UNIDROIT principles of international commercial contracts 2016 available at unidroit.org
\n[18] William W.Park. Non-Signatories and international contracts: an arbitrator\u2019s dilemma. Oxford 2009.
\n[19] Ibid
\n[20] Osman Erturk Ozel. The group of companies\u2019 doctrine as a non-signatory issue in arbitration agreements.
\n[21] Ibid.
\n[22] Brekoulakis (n 4) 6.04; Alexandre Meyniel, \u2018That Which Must Not Be Named: Ra onalizing the Denial of US Courts with Respect to the Group of Companies Doctrine\u2019 (2013) 3 Arb. Brief 18, 50.
\n[23] Alona Kiriak. Arbitral jurisdiction over non-signatories: the \u2018group of companies\u2019 doctrine. Central European university. March 27, 2015.
\n[24] Ibid.
\n[25] Ibid.
\n[26] Ibid.
\n[27] Ibid.
\n[28] Ibid.
\n[29] Osman Erturk Ozel. The group of companies\u2019 doctrine as a non-signatory issue in arbitration agreements.
\n[30] Ibid.
\n[31] Ibid.
\n[32] Kirstin Schwedt and Julia Grothaus, \u2018when does an arbitration agreement have a binding effect on non-signatories? The group of companies\u2019 doctrine vs conflict of laws rules and public policy\u2019, Kluwer Arbitration Blog, July 30 2014.
\n[33] Ibid.
\n[34] Ibid.
\n[35] \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a Estoppel \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 Black law\u2019s \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646.
\n[36] \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 Alter Ego \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0626\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627 alter ego” \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0647\u064a “\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f” \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 instrumentality rule” \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642\u062a \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629. [\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0643\u0633\u060c 2008].
\n[37] 241Court of Appeals, Paris, 31 October 1989, in A.J. van den Berg, Yearbook Commercial Arbitration 145-9, (Vol. XVI 1991).
\n[38] Irmgard Anna Rodler. When are non-signatories bound by the arbitration agreement in international commercial arbitration?. University of Chile and University of Heidelberg. March 2012.
\n[39] Romero (n163) 36.
\n[40] ICC case No. 6465, Aug. 15, 1991 interim award.
\n[41] ICC case No. 9762 (2001) Para. 35.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u062a<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 The effect of group of companies\u2019 doctrine in extending the arbitration agreement to a non-signatory party \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":135793,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[418,366,76,7194,808,6113],"class_list":["post-135791","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-6","tag-418","tag-366","tag-76","tag-7194","tag-808","tag-6113"],"views":1079,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135791","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=135791"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135791\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":135794,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135791\/revisions\/135794"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/135793"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=135791"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=135791"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=135791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}