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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629 . \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a(( \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:_<\/p>\n \u0623_ \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n \u0628_ \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a ) \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n \u062c_ \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:-<\/span><\/p>\n 1_ \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c.<\/span><\/p>\n 2_ \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629<\/span> ))<\/p>\n ______________________<\/p>\n 1- \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a \u060c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u062d \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u060c1982\u060c \u0635519.<\/span><\/p>\n 2- \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u060c\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (245).<\/span><\/p>\n 3- \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0631 \u0622\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (67).<\/span><\/p>\n 4-\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0647. \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 20 (1976) \u0635314.<\/span><\/p>\n 5-\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u060c \u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 . \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0647\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c 1990 \u063512.<\/span><\/p>\n 6- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u060c\u063513.<\/span><\/p>\n 7-\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062f \u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u060c\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c\u06371\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u060c1999 \u0635563.<\/span><\/p>\n 8- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 (5\u0644\u0633\u0646\u06292002 ) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (266 ) \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645(15 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u06291960 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 ) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629(229) \u060c\u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a (22\u0644\u0633\u0646\u06291997 ) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629(204).<\/span><\/p>\n * \u0628\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 .<\/span><\/p>\n -9Charlie Higley. Utility Holding Companies Are Threshing Ratepayers. May 1999 . Public Citizen\u2019s Critical Mass Energy Project<\/span><\/p>\n .p 5.<\/span><\/p>\n 10- \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 . \u0639\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c 2002 \u060c \u06355.<\/span><\/p>\n 11-\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u060c\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0639\u060c \u063593.<\/span><\/p>\n 12-\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063569<\/span><\/p>\n 13-\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062f. \u0639\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c\u063569.<\/span><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 : \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u062a<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u060c \u0633\u0646\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627 \u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627 \u0641\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 : \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u060c \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0636\u062a\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645 \u0645\u0627 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":124864,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3090,39],"tags":[188,77,6568,10],"class_list":["post-124863","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-3090","category-39","tag-188","tag-77","tag-6568","tag-10"],"views":613,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124863","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=124863"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124863\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":124865,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124863\/revisions\/124865"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/124864"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=124863"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=124863"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=124863"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n1. \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 .<\/span>
\n2.\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/span>)).<\/p>\n
\n((A holding company is a corporation that owns the stock of another company. Holding mpanies are created when one company acquires another company by purchasing most or all of the voting stock of the target company.)) (9)<\/p>\n
\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 : \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629<\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 : \u063518-25.<\/span><\/p>\n