{"id":124008,"date":"2018-08-14T01:34:31","date_gmt":"2018-08-13T22:34:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/?p=124008"},"modified":"2018-08-14T01:34:31","modified_gmt":"2018-08-13T22:34:31","slug":"%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab-%d9%88%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%86%d8%b5%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab-%d9%88%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%86%d8%b5%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%81\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c\u0623\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627[12]. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f[13].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644.[14]<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645[15].<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0644. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647.[19]<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/p>\n

2- \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0636 \u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0628 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631[22].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0646\u064a \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0634\u0647[23].<\/span><\/p>\n

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2- \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631[38] \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 10 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1996\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u201d \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u201d.<\/p>\n

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\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f \u060c<\/span> \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0647. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646[56] .<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629[57].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0646\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0647. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a[58]\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646[59] \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0642\u0633\u0637 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u064a\u063a\u062a\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 ( \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649) \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 ( \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0636 \u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f (\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f (\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627).<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u063a\u0637\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647[60].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0647. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 .\u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629[61] :<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0647.<\/span>
\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.
\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.
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\u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0646 [64] Picard et Besson) ( \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062d \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n

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L113-1 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0635\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0637\u0641.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0643\u062a \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u062d\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f[91].<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646[92]\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647[93].<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631
\n\u0625\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n

\n\u0641\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647[95].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 30 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 31 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/span> \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647[98] \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n

[1] Voir en ce sens : Cass. civ. 2, 28-05-2009, n\u00b0 08-14.272, in\u00e9dit<\/span><\/p>\n

[2] B\u00e9nabent (A.), la chance et le droit, T. 128, LGDJ, 1973, p. 40 et s. n\u00b0 39 et s.<\/span><\/p>\n

[3] Picard (M.)et Besson (A.), les assurances terrestres, tome 1, le contrat d\u2019assurance, LGDJ 5\u00e8me \u00e9d., 1982, Paris, p.1<\/span><\/p>\n

[4] Carbonnier (J.), droit civil, vol.2, les biens, les obligations, 2004, PUF, p.1944<\/span><\/p>\n

[5] Mayaux (L.), contrats d\u2019assurance, Dalloz, 2014, article publi\u00e9 sur www.dalloz.fr, consult\u00e9 le 18\/04\/2017<\/span><\/p>\n

\u063550 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 4\u060c \u0637 1\u060c 1993 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a -[6]<\/span><\/p>\n

[7] -\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c.1\u060c \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0637.1\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u060c2016\u060c \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0635 59<\/span><\/p>\n

[8] \u2013 VOIDEY (N.), le risque en droit civil, presse universitaire d\u2019AIX-MARSEILLE, 2005, p.90<\/span><\/p>\n

[9] -\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062c.7\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 2\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1964\u060c \u06351217<\/span><\/p>\n

[10] -\u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0637.1\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u060c2011\u060c \u0635.40<\/span><\/p>\n

[11] -MAYAUX (L.), contrat d\u2019assurance, article publi\u00e9 sur Dalloz.fr, juin 2014<\/span><\/p>\n

[12] -\u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0637.3\u060c\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u060c1999\u060c\u0635.12<\/span><\/p>\n

[13]\u2013 VOIDEY (N.),le risque en droit civil, op.cit, p.70<\/span><\/p>\n

[14] -CASSON (PH.), risque et code civil, r\u00e9flexion sur l\u2019al\u00e9a dans le contrat d\u2019assurance, bulletin juridique des assurances, dossier N\u00b01, 2017<\/span><\/p>\n

[15] \u2013 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c.1\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u063561<\/span><\/p>\n

[16] -VOIDEY(N.), le risque en droit civil, op.cit., p.71<\/span><\/p>\n

[17] \u2013 \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c\u0635. 13 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

[18] -ASSELAIN (M.), Appr\u00e9ciation du caract\u00e8re al\u00e9atoire des risques composites, revue g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du droit des assurances, 01-11-2016, n\u00b011, p.545<\/span><\/p>\n

[19] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c.1\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u0635.41 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

[20] -ASSELAIN (M.), appr\u00e9ciation du caract\u00e8re al\u00e9atoire des risques composites, op.cit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Voir aussi : DHOTEL (J.), risques inassurables, th\u00e8se de doctorat en droit, universit\u00e9 de Lille, 1937<\/span><\/p>\n

[21] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c.1\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u0635. 63<\/span><\/p>\n

[22] \u2013 \u0647\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0637.1\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2011 \u060c\u0635.23 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

[23] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u0635.63<\/span><\/p>\n

[24] \u2013 \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645.\u0633.\u060c \u063543<\/span><\/p>\n

[25] \u2013 \u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0647\u0631 \u060c \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c 2013-2014\u060c \u0635.102<\/span><\/p>\n

[26] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u060c \u062c.1\u060c \u0645.\u0633.\u060c\u0635 63<\/span><\/p>\n

[27] \u2013 BEIGNIER (B.), droit des assurances, 2\u00e8me \u00e9d., LGDJ , 2015, p.11<\/span><\/p>\n

[28] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u0635. 62 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

[29] \u2013 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 50 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 L121-15 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

[30] \u2013 BIGOT (J.), et autres, Trait\u00e9 de droit des assurances, le contrat d\u2019assurance, L.G.D.J , 2014, p.748<\/span><\/p>\n

[31] \u2013 MAYAUX (L.) contrat d\u2019assurance, op.cit.<\/span><\/p>\n

[32] -BERTOLASO (S.), l\u2019al\u00e9a en droit des assurances : \u00e9tat des lieux et perspectives, RGDA, 01\/04\/2009,<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00b02009-02, p.431<\/span><\/p>\n

Voir aussi : BIGOT (J.) et autres, trait\u00e9 de droit des assurances, le contrat d\u2019assurance, op.cit., p.749<\/span><\/p>\n

[33] \u2013 BIGOT (J.) et autres, trait\u00e9 de droit des assurances, le contrat d\u2019assurance, op.cit., p743 et S.<\/span><\/p>\n

[34] \u2013 LEDUC (F.), l\u2019existence de l\u2019al\u00e9a : sa repr\u00e9sentation par l\u2019assur\u00e9, Responsabilit\u00e9 civile et assurances, n\u00b03, d\u00e9cembre 2014, dossier 5<\/span><\/p>\n

[35] \u2013 BERTOLASO (S.), l\u2019al\u00e9a en droit des assurances : \u00e9tat des lieux et perspectives, op.cit., p.431<\/span><\/p>\n

[36] \u2013 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0637.3\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u060c 1991\u060c \u0635.118<\/span><\/p>\n

[37] -LEDUC ( F.), l\u2019existence de l\u2019al\u00e9a : sa repr\u00e9sentation par l\u2019assur\u00e9, op.cit.<\/span><\/p>\n

[38] \u2013 cass. Civ. 1\u00e8re , 10 avril 1996, n\u00b0 96-11, 174, in\u00e9dit : \u2018\u2019 le contrat d\u2019assurance, par nature al\u00e9atoire, ne pouvant porter sur un risque que l\u2019assur\u00e9 sait d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9alis\u00e9.\u2019\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n

Voir aussi :<\/span><\/p>\n

civ. 1\u00e8re , 27 f\u00e9vrier 1990, n\u00b0 de pourvoi 88-14.364, publi\u00e9 au bulletin<\/span>
\nciv. 2\u00e8me , 28 mai 2009, n\u00b0 de pourvoi 08-14.272<\/span><\/p>\n

[39] \u2013 cass. 1\u00e8re civ. 20 juin 2000, n\u00b0 de pourvoi : 97-22.681 : \u2018\u2019 Attendu que l\u2019appr\u00e9ciation de l\u2019al\u00e9a, dans le contrat, rel\u00e8ve du pouvoir souverain des juges du fond\u2019\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n

[40] \u2013 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c.1\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u0635.23<\/span><\/p>\n

[41] \u2013 DEMONT (B.), l\u2019al\u00e9a dans le contrat d\u2019assurance, L.G.D.J, 2013, p.145<\/span><\/p>\n

[42] -cass.2\u00e8me civ. 21 d\u00e9cembre 2006, n\u00b0 de pourvoi 05-19.072, in\u00e9dit : \u2018\u2019 le juge appr\u00e9cie l\u2019existence de l\u2019al\u00e9a exig\u00e9 pour la validit\u00e9 du contrat en se situant au moment de rencontre des volont\u00e9s des parties.\u2019\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n

Voir \u00e9galement : cass.1\u00e8re civ. 15 oct.1991, n\u00b0 de pourvoi 89-16.971, in\u00e9dit<\/span><\/p>\n

[43] \u2013 cass. 2\u00e8me civ. 11 juin 2009, n\u00b0 de pourvoi 08-16.362, in\u00e9dit<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c.1\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u0635.94 [44]<\/span><\/p>\n

[45] \u2013 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0637.1\u060c 1993\u060c \u0635.121<\/span><\/p>\n

[46] \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a 25 \u064826 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2011\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0637\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span><\/p>\n

[47] \u2013 \u0639\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a 11\u064812 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2010\u060c \u0635.6<\/span><\/p>\n

[48] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0637.1\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c 1984\u060c \u0635.71<\/span><\/p>\n

[49] \u2013 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0637.1\u060c 2013\u060c \u062f\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

[50] \u2013 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0643\u064a \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0643\u0629 1403\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n

[51] \u2013 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0637.1\u060c2012\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0635.111<\/span><\/p>\n

[52] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u0635.200<\/span><\/p>\n

[53] \u2013 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 20 \u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0629\u060c2005<\/span><\/p>\n

[54] \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0639.1\u060c 2010\u060c \u0635.66<\/span><\/p>\n

[55] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 4\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0637.1\u060c 1993<\/span><\/p>\n

[56] \u2013 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0647: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c.2\u060c \u0637.1\u060c 1974\u060c \u0635.295 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

[57] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u0635. 39<\/span><\/p>\n

[58] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645.\u0633.\u060c \u0635.43<\/span><\/p>\n

[59] \u2013 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0643\u0629 \u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645.\u0633.\u060c \u0635 306<\/span><\/p>\n

[60] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c.1\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u0635. 64<\/span><\/p>\n

[61] \u2013 \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0645.\u0633.\u060c\u0635.45 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

[62] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 17 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 L113-1 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

[63] \u2013 \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u060c\u0645.\u0633.\u060c\u0635.46<\/span><\/p>\n

[64] \u2013 PICARD (M) et BESSON (A), les assurances terrestres, tome, le contrat d\u2019assurance, LGDJ, 5\u00e8me \u00e9d., 1982, Paris, p.116<\/span><\/p>\n

[65] \u2013 BAKOUCHE (D), al\u00e9a et faute intentionnelle, Responsabilit\u00e9 civile et assurance, n\u00b03, d\u00e9cembre 2014, dossier7<\/span><\/p>\n

[66] \u2013 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u0635.33<\/span><\/p>\n

[67] \u2013 cass.com.7 avril 1987, n\u00b0de pourvoi 85-15.910<\/span><\/p>\n

[68] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 17 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 L113-1 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

[69] \u2013 VOIDEY (N.), le risque en droit civil, op.cit., p.90 et S.<\/span><\/p>\n

[70] \u2013 \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u0635.16<\/span><\/p>\n

[71] \u2013 PICARD (M) et BESSON (A), les assurances terrestres, op.cit. p.36<\/span><\/p>\n

[72] \u2013 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0645.\u0633.\u060c \u0635. 65 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

[73] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c.1\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u0635. 65 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

[74] \u2013 cass.civ.1\u00e8re , 10 avril 1996, n\u00b0 pourvoi 93-14.571<\/span><\/p>\n

[75] \u2013 BAKOUCHE (D), al\u00e9a et faute intentionnelle, op.cit.<\/span><\/p>\n

[76] \u2013 cass.civ. 2\u00e8me, 12 septembre 2013, n\u00b0 de pourvoi 12-24.650, publi\u00e9 au bulletin<\/span><\/p>\n

[77] \u2013 \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0645.\u0633.\u060c\u0635.44 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

[78] -MAYAUX (L.), la faute dolosive entre l\u2019exclusion et l\u2019al\u00e9a, RGDA, 01\/12\/2017, n\u00b012, P. 610<\/span><\/p>\n

Voir aussi : BERTOLASO (S), l\u2019al\u00e9a en droit des assurances : \u00e9tat des lieux et perspectives, op.cit<\/span><\/p>\n

[79] \u2013 cass. 2\u00e8me civ. 26 octobre 2017, n\u00b0 de pourvoi 16-23.696<\/span><\/p>\n

[80] \u2013 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u0635.56<\/span><\/p>\n

Voir \u00e9galement : MAYAUX (L.), la faute dolosive entre l\u2019exclusion et l\u2019al\u00e9a, op.cit<\/span><\/p>\n

[81] \u2013 DESSUET (P.), disparition de l\u2019al\u00e9a en cours de contrat et l\u2019assurabilit\u00e9 du risque d\u2019entreprise, RDI, 2003, p.222<\/span><\/p>\n

[82] \u2013 cass.1\u00e8re civ. 29 octobre 2002, n\u00b0 de pourvoi 00-17.718<\/span><\/p>\n

[83] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c.1\u060c \u0645.\u0633.\u060c \u0635.235<\/span><\/p>\n

[84] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0637.1\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629\u060c 2010\u060c \u0635. 147<\/span><\/p>\n

[85] \u2013 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645.\u0633.\u060c \u0635.74<\/span><\/p>\n

[86] \u2013 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c 2013-2014\u060c \u0635.30 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

[87] \u2013 \u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c 2013-2014 \u0635.31<\/span><\/p>\n

[88] \u2013 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u060c\u0645.\u0633.\u060c \u0635. 194 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

[89] \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c 1996\u060c \u0635.197<\/span><\/p>\n

[90] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u060c\u0645. \u0633.\u060c \u0635. 35 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

[91] \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645.\u0633.\u060c \u0635.276<\/span><\/p>\n

[92] -BEIGNIER (B.), droit du contrat d\u2019assurance, presse universitaire de France, 1999, p.97 et S.<\/span><\/p>\n

[93] \u2013 BERTOLASO (S.), l\u2019al\u00e9a en droit des assurances, op.cit.<\/span><\/p>\n

[94] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0645.\u0633.\u060c\u0635 153<\/span><\/p>\n

[95] \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u0635.171 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

[96] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0645.\u0633.\u060c \u0635.161<\/span><\/p>\n

[97] \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0645.\u0633.\u060c\u0635.32 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

[98] \u2013 MAYAUX (L.), contrat d\u2019assurance, op.cit.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u062a<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":124009,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[13383,799,23,2517],"class_list":["post-124008","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-6","tag-13383","tag-799","tag-23","tag-2517"],"views":1143,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124008","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=124008"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124008\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":124010,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124008\/revisions\/124010"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/124009"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=124008"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=124008"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=124008"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}