{"id":123422,"date":"2018-08-09T15:24:50","date_gmt":"2018-08-09T12:24:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/?p=123422"},"modified":"2018-08-09T22:42:49","modified_gmt":"2018-08-09T19:42:49","slug":"%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%b5%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%b5%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0643\u0637\u0628 : \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b<\/strong>
\n\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0642\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 (\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u062f \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\u0625\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u060c- \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629- \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a:
\n– \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628:<\/strong>
\n– \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0642\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0641\u061b
\n– \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u061b
\n– \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n

\n– \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0625\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1913\u0648 1920 \u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631…\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/strong>
\n– \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629. \u0641\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 .<\/span>
\n\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c\u0623\u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0622\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647.
\n\u0641\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1912\u060c\u0634\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u060c\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0633 .\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 31 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1912 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u060c\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646:<\/span>
\n– \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u060c\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u061b
\n– \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u060c\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1914 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.
\n\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 ” \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629” \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646:4<\/span><\/p>\n

\n– \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u061b<\/span>
\n– \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1948 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629).<\/span>
\n\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631. \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u064a)\u060c\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629.\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642.<\/span>
\n\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u060c\u0648\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d\u060c\u0648\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0646\u0627\u060c\u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u061f
\n\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c\u0647\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633.\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u060c\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u060c\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0648\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639:
\n\u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 100 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629.\u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1912 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2010 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\n\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629:<\/strong>
\n\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u061f \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u061f<\/span>
\n\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong>
\n\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0638\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u060c\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1912 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\n\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong>
\n\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0635\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c\u062b\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0635\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644)\u060c\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0629(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a)\u060c\u0643\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n

\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645[[1]]url:#_ftn1 .<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0647\u0645:<\/span>
\n– \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0628: \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 “\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646” \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/span>
\n– \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631: \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0646 “\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646” \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621.
\n– \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 “\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0629”: \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u063a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0645:
\n– \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645: \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 “\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631”\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629… \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/span>
\n– \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631: \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\n– \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062b\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631:<\/strong> \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

\n-\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0621:<\/strong> \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a[[2]]url:#_ftn2 .<\/span>
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\n\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629[[5]]url:#_ftn5 . \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u060c\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621) \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646[[6]]url:#_ftn6 .<\/p>\n

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\n\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0645:<\/span>
\n1- \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646: \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 “\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631” \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

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\n3- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f: \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0629”\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0647[[10]]url:#_ftn10 .<\/span>
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\n\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627[[14]]url:#_ftn14 .<\/span>
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\n– \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u061b<\/strong>
\n– \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1948 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629)[[24]]url:#_ftn24 .
\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1912\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629[[25]]url:#_ftn25 .<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n

\n\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0628\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062f:<\/span>
\n– \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u06291914 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646281\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 1288\u061b<\/span>
\n– \u0644\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1925 \u0625\u0644\u0649 6051 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/span>
\n– \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629…\u061b<\/span>
\n– \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0623\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629[[26]]url:#_ftn26 .<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0641\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c\u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629[[27]]url:#_ftn27 .<\/span>
\n\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a:\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 1939- 1956<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u0641\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 14 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1939 [[34]]url:#_ftn34 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643[[35]]url:#_ftn35 .
\n\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1939\/1940\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629[[36]]url:#_ftn36 .<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 14 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1939 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 %25[[37]]url:#_ftn37 .<\/p>\n

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\n– \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 (E.N.A ) \u0633\u0646\u0629 1948\u061b
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\n\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1956\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0643\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0644\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629[[39]]url:#_ftn39 .
\n\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0626 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631. \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628.<\/span>
\n\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627. \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629[[40]]url:#_ftn40 .<\/p>\n

\n\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u062a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1956 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629: \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629[[41]]url:#_ftn41 .<\/span>
\n\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u062b\u0627\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629[[45]]url:#_ftn45 . \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646:<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629[[48]]url:#_ftn48 .<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062e\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u062d\u0647\u060c\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u060c\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629\u060c\u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 .\u0641\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629:\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\/\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629\u060c\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u060c\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634\u062a\u064a\u0646:\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630.<\/p>\n

\n\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629\u060c\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627( \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\/\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633)\u060c\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0622\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629.\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a 19 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1923 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629.
\n\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u060c\u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a\u060c\u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n

* \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0643\u0640\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0628 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

– \u0647\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0628:\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 (4)\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 2004.
\n– \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0631:\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c”\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 19\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2000.
\n– \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0648\u062e:\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1994.
\n– \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2003.
\n– \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2004.
\n– \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0631: \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u2013 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0642.\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 2002\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621.
\n– \u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1993 .
\n– \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u062c\u0632\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\u061f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1988.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631\u064a: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 2003-2004.
\n* \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644:<\/p>\n

– \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2000.
\n– \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u064a:\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 2006 \/ 2007.
\n– \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a – \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629- \u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1986-1987.
\n– \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0649 \u0648\u062e\u0648\u064a\u0627\u060c\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 – \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629- \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647- \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0647- \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647-\u060c\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 1988-1989.
\n– \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647\u060c\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0634\u060c\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0644:\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 1986-1987.
\n– \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644:\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 2004-2005.
\n– \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0633:\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629\u060c\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0627\u0644\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 2007-2008.
\n– \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0631:\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629\u060c\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0627\u0644\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 1992.
\n– \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0634\/ \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0631: \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 1999-2000.
\n– \u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u060c\u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a:\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 1992-1993.
\n– \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a:\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 1988-1989.<\/p>\n

* \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n

– \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0631:\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 21\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 12 \u0648 13 \u0645\u0627\u064a 1989\u060c \u063514.<\/p>\n

– \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a:\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u2013\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 59 \u0646\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0631- \u062f\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0631 2004\u060c \u0635 103-114.
\n– \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a:\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1985.
\n– \u0628\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0629 1984 \u0635 73.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

– \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062c.\u0631.\u0639. \u0635 26\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 23 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1913 \u0635105.
\n– \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 14 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1939 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f 1377 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 17 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1939.
\n– \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 3 \u0645\u0627\u064a 1955 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 10 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 1374 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c.\u0631.\u0639. 2226 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 24 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1955.
\n– \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1958 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u061b
\n– \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 17 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1958 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061b
\n\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1050-59-2 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

-Omar Mouddani: l\u2019\u00e9volution du processus d\u2019adaptation de la fonction publique marocaine aux fins de d\u00e9veloppement, \u00e9dition de la facult\u00e9 de Rabat, 1984. , page 16-17<\/p>\n

– Omar Mouddani: G\u00e9n\u00e8se, Evolution et probl\u00e8me de la fonction publique marocaine, revue des affaires administratives, N\u00b0 3, ann\u00e9e 1984, sans page.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634
\n[[1]]url:#_ftnref1 – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2000\u060c \u0635 20.
\n[[2]]url:#_ftnref2 – \u0647\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 (4)\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 2004\u060c \u0635 60.
\n[[3]]url:#_ftnref3 – \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u064a:\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 2006 \/ 2007 \u0635 22 .
\n[[4]]url:#_ftnref4 -Omar Mouddani: l\u2019\u00e9volution du processus d\u2019adaptation de la fonction publique marocaine aux fins de d\u00e9veloppement, \u00e9dition de la facult\u00e9 de Rabat, 1984. , page 16-17
\n[[5]]url:#_ftnref5 – \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c”\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 19\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2000\u060c \u0635 22.
\n[[6]]url:#_ftnref6 – \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0648\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1994 \u0635 30.
\n[[7]]url:#_ftnref7 – \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2003.\u0635 70.
\n[[8]]url:#_ftnref8 – \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2004\u060c \u0635 88.
\n[[9]]url:#_ftnref9 – \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u2013\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629- \u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1986-1987\u060c \u0635 32.
\n[[10]]url:#_ftnref10 – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 179.
\n[[11]]url:#_ftnref11 – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 22.
\n[[12]]url:#_ftnref12 – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631\u064a: \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 179.
\n[13]- \u0647\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 83.
\n[[14]]url:#_ftnref14 – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 23.
\n[[15]]url:#_ftnref15 – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631\u064a: \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 179.
\n[[16]]url:#_ftnref16 – \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 33.
\n[[17]]url:#_ftnref17 – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 23.
\n[[18]]url:#_ftnref18 – \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 90.
\n[[19]]url:#_ftnref19 – \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 22.
\n[[20]]url:#_ftnref20 – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 180.
\n[[21]]url:#_ftnref21 – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 18.
\n[[22]]url:#_ftnref22 – \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u2013\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 59 \u0646\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0631-\u062f\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0631 2004\u060c \u0635 103-114.
\n[[23]]url:#_ftnref23 – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 18.
\n[[24]]url:#_ftnref24 – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 52.
\n[[25]]url:#_ftnref25 – \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 76.<\/p>\n

[[26]]url:#_ftnref26 – \u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u06357.\u0648\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649:\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 63-64.
\n[[27]]url:#_ftnref27 – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0631: \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u2013 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0642.\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 2002\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0635 319.
\n[[28]]url:#_ftnref28 – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 18.
\n[[29]]url:#_ftnref29 – “\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644… \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629” \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 19.\u0623\u0623\u0627\u0627\u0627\u0627\u0627\u0627\u0627\u0627
\n[[30]]url:#_ftnref30 – \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0648\u062d\u0649 \u0648\u062e\u0648\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u2013\u0623\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629- \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647- \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0647- \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647-\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 1988-1989\u060c \u0635 44.
\n[[31]]url:#_ftnref31 – \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062c.\u0631.\u0639. \u0635 26\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 23 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1913 \u0635105.
\n[[32]]url:#_ftnref32 – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0644: \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 1986-1987\u060c \u0635 10.
\n[[33]]url:#_ftnref33 – \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u062c\u0632\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\u061f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1988\u060c \u0635 19\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0635 37 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1976.
\n[[34]]url:#_ftnref34 – \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 14 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1939 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f 1377 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 17 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1939.
\n[[35]]url:#_ftnref35 – \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 44 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063510.
\nPour donne une meilleure assise \u00e0 cette politique d\u2019ouverture, le dahire de 1939 a pr\u00e9vu une \u00e9quivalence entre
\nles dipl\u00f4mes marocains et les dipl\u00f4mes fran\u00e7ais:
\nDipl\u00f4mes fran\u00e7ais: Dipl\u00f4mes marocains:
\n1- Certificat des \u00e9tudes primaires de l\u2019Enseignement Europ\u00e9an 1- Certificat des \u00e9tudes primaires musulmanes
\n2- Brevet El\u00e9mentaire 2- C.E.S.M
\n3- Baccalaur\u00e9at 3- D.E.SM
\n4-Brevet El\u00e9mentaire Baccalaur\u00e9at capacit\u00e9 en droit 4- Certificat des \u00e9tudes juridiques et administratives
\nOmar MOUDDANI: l\u2019Evolution des processus \u2026 op. cit, page 22.
\n[[36]]url:#_ftnref36 – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 71.
\n[[37]]url:#_ftnref37 – Omar Mouddani: G\u00e9n\u00e8se, Evolution et probl\u00e8me de la fonction publique marocaine, revue des affaires administratives, N\u00b0 3, ann\u00e9e 1984, sans page.
\n[[38]]url:#_ftnref38 – \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 96. \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649:
\n– \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0635 45.
\n– \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647: \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 11.
\n[[39]]url:#_ftnref39 – \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 2004-2005\u060c \u0635 76.
\n[[40]]url:#_ftnref40 – \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0633: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 2007-2008\u060c \u0635 74.
\n[[41]]url:#_ftnref41 – \u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1993\u060c \u0635 176 .
\nvoir : Omar MOUDDANI: \u00ab l\u2019Evolution du processus \u2026. \u00bb op \u2013cit. page 126.
\n[[42]]url:#_ftnref42 – \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1985\u060c \u0635 9.
\n[[43]]url:#_ftnref43 – Omar MOUDDANI: \u00ab l\u2019Evolution \u2026. op\u2013cit. page 126
\n[[44]]url:#_ftnref44 – \u0628\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0629 1984 \u0635 73. \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649:
\n– \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 11.
\n– \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 8.
\n– \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 45.
\n– \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 35.
\n\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0634\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0631: \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 1999-2000\u060c \u0635 22.
\n[[45]]url:#_ftnref45 – \u0623\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644:
\n– \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0641\u064a 3 \u0645\u0627\u064a 1955 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 10 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 1374 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c.\u0631.\u0639. 2226 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 24 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1955.
\n– \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1958 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u061b
\n– \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 17 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1958 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061b
\n\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1050-59-2 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.
\n[[46]]url:#_ftnref46 – \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u060c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639:
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