{"id":123119,"date":"2018-08-07T13:06:03","date_gmt":"2018-08-07T10:06:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/?p=123119"},"modified":"2018-08-07T13:06:03","modified_gmt":"2018-08-07T10:06:03","slug":"%d9%85%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b5-%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b2%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/%d9%85%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b5-%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b2%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0630 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062d<\/strong>
\n\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u2013 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/strong>
\n\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 – \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629- \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642<\/strong>
\n\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 – \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629- \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0627\u0644<\/strong>
\n\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629- \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/strong>
\n\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u0633.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0644\u0640\u062e\u0640\u0635:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627.<\/span>
\n\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646.
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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0651 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\n\u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2004 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 134000 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u062c\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u061f \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

I \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u062a \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642..) \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

I \u2013 1 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/strong><\/p>\n

I \u2013 1- 1 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 cannabis \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0634\u064a\u0634 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0634 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a “\u0634\u064a\u0634” \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062d.
\n\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062a. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u0623\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 ( \u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629). \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0646\u062c \u0646\u0627\u0646\u062c \u0633\u0646\u0629 2737 \u0642.\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0647 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0627\u0645”\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629[1].<\/span>
\n\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0630\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0622\u0628\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0633\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627[2].
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I \u2013 1 -2 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a[5]. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u061b 2005). \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0631 \u0628\u0647 (\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062d\u061b2002) \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0623 (MAURER ; 1968) \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631.<\/span>
\n\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0648 MARMOL \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u0633[6]\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641) \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u063a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.\u00ab\u0648\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1734\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 “\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062e\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0627” \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1772 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641. \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 1814 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648 \u0625\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u00bb[7]
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\n\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 7 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1906 (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 72)\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1910 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0649\u201d\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 R\u00e9gi co-int\u00e9rss\u00e9s\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1912 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0646\u062c\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

I \u2013 2 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621.
\n\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644.<\/p>\n

I \u2013 2 \u2013 1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0623- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f 1920 :<\/strong> \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/span>
\n– \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0638\u061b<\/span>
\n– \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c “\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628…”.<\/span>
\n\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641. \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 100 \u0637\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1913 \u0625\u0644\u0649 500 \u0637\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1920.[11]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 1920 – 1930 :<\/strong> \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c (1926) \u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u062a\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642”. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0633\u062f\u0627\u062a.
\n\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 “\u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645”[12].<\/p>\n

\u062c- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 1930 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627[13]:
\n– \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 1932 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646k \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0632\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

\n– \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 “\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629\u061b \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0633\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f.” \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644”\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627” \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a.<\/span>
\n– \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629( 1936- 1939). \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 ” \u0625\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0636” \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647.<\/span>
\n\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647\u061b \u0641\u0633\u0646\u062a \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 1954 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0636\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 1932 \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n

I \u2013 2 \u2013 2 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 1954\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a).\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 ” \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621” \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0633\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0634” “Chira” \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641. \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 (\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647)\u060c \u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u064a\u0634\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647.\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u061b \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0649 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641) \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647[14]. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 1973 \u0648 1984 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 118% \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648 94% \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629[15].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a “\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629”\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u062b\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0640”\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a”.<\/p>\n

II – \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n

II – 1 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644: \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

II \u20131-1 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0648 “\u0634\u0631\u0639\u0646\u0629” \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 “\u0633\u0643\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u063a” \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u063a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628:”\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0632”\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629: “\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629”.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u063a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n

\n\u0623- \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 5\/11 1919 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641[16]<\/strong>
\n\u0628-\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 12 \u0631\u062c\u0628 1351 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u064412 \u0646\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0631 1932 \u0628\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u063a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628[17]<\/strong>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 20 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 1313 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0644 24 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1954 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641[18]. \u0625\u0630 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c[19]. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2.56.038 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 27 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0639\u062f\u0629 1375 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0644 30 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1956\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u062c\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641[20].
\n\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 1954 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0630\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a. \u0641\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u0635\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n

II \u2013 1 – 2 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1956.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0637\u0646\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a11 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1960\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1.60.138 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631[21] \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 20 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 1373 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0644 24 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1954. \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631[22] 28 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 1394 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0644 21 \u0645\u0627\u064a 1974.\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0632\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a[23]\u060c \u0625\u0630\u00ab \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 5000 \u0625\u0644\u0649 50000 \u062f\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0629\u00bb (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 )1974[24].<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 -\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0647- \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0644\u063a\u0644\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0636\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n

\n\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0635\u062f\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627 (\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0644\u061b \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0646 \u060c \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u061b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629…)\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641[25].
\n\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062c\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u06452.77.626 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 19 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0644 1397\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u064431 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1977[26]\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u063a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629[27]\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a[28]<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627…! \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631” \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0645\u062a \u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0639\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u061b \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n

II \u2013 2 – 1 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649:<\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 26 \u063a\u0634\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1950\u0645 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629: \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a 10 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1960\u0645\u060c \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629:<\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628: \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1982) \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 4218 \u0641\u064a 23 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1972\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627.
\n\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1986\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0642\u0645 93 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1987 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1988\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1992\u0645\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a (1994 \u2013 1998\u0645) \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0642\u0645 213 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1994\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (1999\u0645 \u2013 2003\u0645) \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0642\u0645 309 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1999\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a (2004-2006\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a (2007\u0645 \u2013 2009\u0645) \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629[30]\u060c \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a (2010\u0645-2012\u0645)[31].<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628[32] \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1986\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a.
\n\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1994\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0636\u062f \u0622\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a[33]. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0644\u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a…<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2003 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u063a\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644.
\n\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0647\u064a\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u061f<\/p>\n

II \u2013 2 -2 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1800\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637 . \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 19 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1845. \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0649\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0649\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 20 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1928\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0649\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0634\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1909 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 13\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062e\u0636 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a[34] \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1961
\n-\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1971
\n-\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1988.
\n\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 66.236 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 7 \u0631\u062c\u0628 1386 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u064422 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1966 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u06431961[35]<\/span>
\n\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 9 \u0635\u0641\u0631 1401 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0644 17 \u062f\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0631 1980 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 [36]1971<\/span>
\n\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1.92.283 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 15 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0639\u062f\u0629 1422 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0644 29 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2002 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a 20 \u062f\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0631<\/span>
\n1988[37]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0644” \u0633\u0646\u0629 1956\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a[38] . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0625\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 18\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u062d\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634. \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646. \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641” \u0648\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c:<\/strong>
\n– \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631:<\/strong> \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 5\/11 1919\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649.
\n-\u062b\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u062c\u062a\u062b\u0627\u062b \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 20 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 1313 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0644 24 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1954\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641.<\/span>
\n– \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 28 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 1394 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0644 21 \u0645\u0627\u064a 1974\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0632\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/span>
\n\u0641\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0636\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

\n\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2004 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 800000 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d[39].
\n\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0622\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u062b\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629… \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 …\u0627\u0644\u062e
\n\u0625\u0630\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629[40]\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c…\u0627\u0644\u062e \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0633\u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong>
\n\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f.
\n\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f(2006) \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636
\n\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0634 (1982):\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f 56\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a
\n\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 (2006): \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0644 “\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629”\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629
\n\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0631 1994 : \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n

\n\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 (2004): \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f20<\/span>
\n\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a (1997): \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629<\/span>
\n\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649(2002): \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 “\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642” \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f65\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u061b \u0635168<\/span>
\n‘\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062d (2002): \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c\u061b \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/span>
\n\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0639\u064a\u062f (2006)\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636<\/span>
\n\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0639\u064a\u062f (2009): \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/span>
\n\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641 (1996):\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u061b \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f 205\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a<\/span>
\nBOUDOUAH,M (1985) : La culture du kif et son impact \u00e9conomique et social dans le rif central cas de k\u00e9tama. Th\u00e9s du doctorat de troisi\u00e8me cycle en G\u00e9ographie et Am\u00e9nagement- Toulouse II Le-Mirail- France
\nBOUDOUAH,M (2005) : L\u2019Evolutino de l\u2019organisation de l\u2019espace et son inpact sur la population locale dans le Rif Central. IN L\u2019espace campagnard marocain :sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s et mutations. Groupe de recherche sur les campagnes marocaines .F.L.S.H ;K\u00e9nitra.pp :1-9
\nBOUDOUAH,M (1990) : les condition g\u00e9ographiques et la probl\u00e9matique de la monoculture \u00ab kiffique \u00bb ; Revue de la Facult\u00e9 de Lettre et des Sciences Humaines, num\u00e9ro sp\u00e9cial sur le Rif l\u2019espace et l\u2019Homme
\nMAURER G (1968) : Les paysans du haut rif central ; R.G.M .N\u00b014Moulieras.A (1899) : le Maroc inconu ; tom I
\nNations Unie Office Contre la Drogue et le Crime (2003) : MAROC ; enqu\u00eate sur cannabis
\nObservatoire Fran\u00e7ais des Drogues et des Toxicomanies (OFDT) (2001) : Rapport sur la situation du cannabis dans le Rif Marocain (Juin-ao\u00fbt 2001)
\nPASCON P (1977)\/ : le Haouz de Marrakech, CRNC et INVA t2, RABAT<\/p>\n

\n\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/strong>
\n[1] \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0634 (1982):\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f 56\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0635 137<\/span>
\n[2] \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 (2004): \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f20\u060c \u0635 68-64<\/span>
\n[3]\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641 (1996):\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u061b \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f 205\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0635 34<\/span>
\n[4] \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 (2004): \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063568-64<\/span>
\n[5] Nations unie office contre la drogue et le crime (2003) : MAROC ; Eenqu\u00eate sur cannabis, p 41<\/span>
\n[6]MAURER G (1968) : Les paysans du haut rif central ; R.G.M .N\u00b014 P,55<\/span>
\n[7]\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 (2004): \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 68-65
\n[8] \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 22\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 1872 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1893 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0647.
\n[9] MAURER G (1968) : op cite ; p 55<\/span>
\n[10] MOULIERAS.A (1899) : Le Maroc inconnu ; tom I ; p 9<\/span>
\n[11]PASCON P (1977)\/ : le Haouz de Marrakech, CRNC et INVA t2, RABAT, 1977, p 412<\/span>
\n[12] Observatoire Fran\u00e7ais des Drogues et des Toxicomanies (OFDT) (2001) : Rapport sur la situation du cannabis dans le Rif Marocain (Juin-ao\u00fbt 2001) p, 5<\/span>
\n[13] MAURER G (1968) : op cite ; p 56\/55<\/span>
\n[14] Boudouah,M (1990) : les condition g\u00e9ographiques et la probl\u00e9matique de la monoculture \u00ab kiffique \u00bb ; revue de la facult\u00e9 de lettre, num\u00e9ro sp\u00e9cial sur le rife l\u2019espace et l\u2019homme ; p 200<\/span>
\n[15] Boudouah,M (1985) : La cultur du kif et son impact \u00e9conomique et social dans le rif central cas de ketama. Th\u00e9s du doctorat de troisi\u00e8me cycle Toulouse ; p 114<\/span>
\n[16] \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f342 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 17\/11\/1919\u060c \u0635 736<\/span>
\n[17] \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f1060\u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 17\/02\/1933\u060c \u0635 245<\/span>
\n[18] \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f2167 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 07\/04\/1654\u060c \u0635 1363<\/span>
\n[19] \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0631 1994 : \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u060c\u0635 8
\n[20] \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f2284 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 03\/08\/1956\u060c \u0635 1300
\n[21] \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f 2512 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 16\/12\/1960\u060c \u0635 3751
\n[22] \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a
\n[23] \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f3214\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 05\/ 06\/1974\u060c \u0635 1525<\/span>
\n[24] \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649(2002): \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 “\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642” \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f65\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u061b \u0635168<\/span>
\n[25] \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644: (2006) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0644 “\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629”\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629<\/span>
\n[26] \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f3390 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 19\/10\/1977\u061b \u06353036<\/span>
\n[27] \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0631 1994 : \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u061b \u0635 24<\/span>
\n[28]\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a (1997): : \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u061b \u0635 118 .<\/span>
\n[29] \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0639\u064a\u062f (2009): \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0635 5<\/span><\/p>\n

[30] \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628<\/span>
\n[31] \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0639\u064a\u062f ( 2009): \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u063513<\/span>
\n[32] \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f(2006) \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0635167<\/span>
\n[33] \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1.96.178 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 29 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 1422 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0644 22 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2001 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f5001 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 06\/05\/2002\u061b \u0635 1269)
\n[34] \u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0639\u064a\u062f (2006)\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629
\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0635 13
\n[35] \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f2283 \u060c \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 17\/12\/1966\u061b \u06351401<\/span>
\n[36] \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f 3590\u061b \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 19\/08\/1981 \u061b \u0635 394<\/span>
\n[37] \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f4999 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 29\/24\/2002\u061b \u06351128<\/span>
\n[38] \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0631 1994 : \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u061b \u0635 17<\/span>
\n[39] BOUDOUAH,M (2005) : L\u2019Evolutino de l\u2019organisation de l\u2019espace et son inpact sur la population locale dans le Rif Central. IN L\u2019espace campagnard marocain :sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s et mutations. Groupe de recherche sur les campagnes marocaines .F.L.S.H ;K\u00e9nitra.pp :1-9<\/span>
\n[40] \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644: (2006) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0644 “\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629”\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9:<\/p>\n

Le th\u00e8me de la culture du kif au Maroc, soul\u00e8ve de nombreux probl\u00e8mes juridiques, sociaux, spatiaux et g\u00e9opolitiques. Nous allons traiter ce th\u00e8me en adoptant plusieurs Approches:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Approche spatiale: nous avons \u00e9voqu\u00e9 les d\u00e9buts de la pr\u00e9sence du Kif dans le monde, et les diff\u00e9rents moyens de son arriv\u00e9e au Maroc. Ainsi, que les grandes \u00e9tapes de son extension dans notre Bled.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Approche juridique: nous avons abord\u00e9 les diff\u00e9rentes lois d’accompagnement pour lutter contre la culture du Kif au Maroc, portant sur la dimension nationale, ou celles qui accompagnent les lois internationales dans ce domaine.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Enfin , nous avons conclu , que la vision officielle de la culture du kif est<\/span><\/p>\n

bas\u00e9e sur le c\u00f4t\u00e9 s\u00e9curitaire , qui a comme objectif l\u2019\u00e9radication de cette culture. Ainsi , il s\u2019est av\u00e9r\u00e9 ,la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d\u2019adopter la vision strat\u00e9gique et alternative , structur\u00e9e sur l\u2019exploitation de la valeur ajout\u00e9e , li\u00e9e \u00e0 la culture du Kif ; en se concentrant sur les diff\u00e9rentes utilisations dans les domaines : m\u00e9dicaux , industriels \u2026prouv\u00e9e scientifiquement et op\u00e9rationnellement dans le terrain.<\/span><\/p>\n

Summary:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The theme of the culture of kif in Morocco raises many legal, social, and geopolitical space. We will address this topic through several approaches:<\/p>\n

– Spatial approach: we talked about the beginnings of the presence of Kif in the world, and different ways of coming to Morocco. Thus, the main stages of our expansion in Bled.<\/p>\n

– Legal approach: we discussed the various accompanying laws to fight against the culture of kif in Morocco, on the national scale, or those that accompany international law in this area.<\/p>\n

– Finally, we have concluded that the official view of the cultivation of kif is
\nbased on the safe side, which aims to eradicate this culture. Thus, it turned out, the need for strategic vision and alternative structured on the exploitation of value linked to the culture of Kif, focusing on the different applications in the fields: medical, industrial proven scientifically and operationally … in the field.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u2013 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 – \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629- \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 – \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":123120,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[13322,1782],"class_list":["post-123119","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-6","tag-13322","tag-1782"],"views":953,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123119","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=123119"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123119\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":123121,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123119\/revisions\/123121"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/123120"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=123119"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=123119"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=123119"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}