{"id":118241,"date":"2018-05-18T00:47:22","date_gmt":"2018-05-17T21:47:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/?p=118241"},"modified":"2018-05-18T00:47:22","modified_gmt":"2018-05-17T21:47:22","slug":"%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%ac%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%86%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a3%d9%85-%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%ac%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%86%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a3%d9%85-%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"

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( \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644)<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n

Abstract:<\/span><\/p>\n

The issue of violence has become a major concern in various times and antiquity, linked to the emergence of humanity, and different intellectual attitudes in the definition of the concept, Due to their interest in the legitimacy of the state influenced by ideological and ideological conditions, which called for another intellectual tendency to try to reduce it and consider it, the work of the machine is not suitable for the modern state, Which was re-introduced the concept, to find out the limits of state violence at the level of internal and external. Through security escapes, legal and institutional violence and unilateral hegemony in the management of the affairs of the country and the people who are being dragged out, gross violations of human rights.<\/p>\n

Considering that the interest of the State is reflected in the protection, peace, social security and sustainable development by providing social services and guaranteeing legal justice in accordance with the international conventions in protecting and guaranteeing the freedom of individuals and the principle of non-impunity for serious violations of human rights, State and society.<\/p>\n

Key Words:<\/span> State violence -The supreme interest of the State \u2013 State of law and justice \u2013 social justice.<\/p>\n

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\n\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0643 ([27])John Locke:<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 89 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a (31) \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f\u0632(32) \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629(16) \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a (8) \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 (1) \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a (1).<\/p>\n

\n\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 11 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c 7 \u0627\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1960 (\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a) \u06484 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1964. (\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628).<\/p>\n

\n \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 325 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 1965 (50 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629) \u06481981 (114 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629) \u06481984 (49) \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/span> 13 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c 4 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c 1 \u0628\u0637\u0646\u062c\u0629\u060c 12 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c 16 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c 1 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u06482 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u06481990 (112 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629) \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b 1981 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1981 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a 142 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n

\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 173 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 1956 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1999 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0641\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0644\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0633\u2026 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0646. \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u062a 39 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u064814 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a 109 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a: 9 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u06482 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\n\u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0641\u0636\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 211 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 144 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0646 40 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0640 88 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 12 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 4 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0631\u0648\u062d \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.
\n67 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 31 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1996.
\n\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n

([1]) \u2013 \u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a. \u0634\u0645\u064a\u062f\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0646\u063a\u0648 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0631\u060c\u201d\u0627\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0627\u0639\u201d\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u062f. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u063a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 2013.<\/p>\n

([2]) \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u201c\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u201d\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u201c\u064a\u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u201d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 5\u060c \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0641 2015.<\/p>\n

([3]) \u2013 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u060c\u201d \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0627\u062d\u201d\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0646\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u062c\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c 2015\u060c \u0635: 13.<\/p>\n

([4]) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a (\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645)\u060c\u201d \u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u201d\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062b\u060c 2015\u060c \u0635: 19.<\/p>\n

([5]) \u2013 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627 (\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0631)\u060c\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u201d\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u0645\u062f\u0648\u062d \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c 2007\u060c\u0635: 9.<\/p>\n

([6]) \u2013 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 (\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632)\u060c \u201c\u0645\u0639\u0630\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u201d\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062b\u060c 1984\u060c \u0635: 21.<\/p>\n

([7]) \u2013 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635: 43.<\/p>\n

([8]) \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u201c\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u201d\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u201c\u064a\u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u201d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 5\u060c \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0641 2015<\/p>\n

([9]) \u2013 \u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0622\u0631\u0646\u062a 14 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1906 \u2013 4 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1975 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u201d\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0646\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 (1906 \u2013 1975) \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a\u063a\u0631. \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

([10]) \u2013 \u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u062a (\u062d\u0646\u0629)\u060c\u201d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u201d\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062b\u060c 1992\u060c \u0635:72.<\/p>\n

([11]) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n

([12]) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n

([13]) \u2013 \u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1923. \u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0632. \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1923\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0651\u064c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u062f\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0633\u064e \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0643\u0646\u0632. \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0628\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c\u2026.<\/p>\n

([14]) \u2013 \u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647 (\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0631)\u060c\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u201d\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0634\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062b\u060c 2009\u060c \u0635 \u0635: 11-12.<\/p>\n

([15]) \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u201c\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u201d\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u201c\u064a\u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u201d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 5\u060c \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0641 2015<\/p>\n

([16]) \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1948 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0633. \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 7\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633- \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

([17]) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a\u064a (\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f)\u060c\u201d \u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629: \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u201d\u060c \u0635 \u0635\u060c 78-79.<\/p>\n

([18]) \u2013 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0627: Yoshihiro Francis Fukuyama \u0648\u0644\u062f 27 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1952) \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a. \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1992\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0630 2010. \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0643\u0646\u0632 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0645\u064a\u0633\u0646. \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644: \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 (2014)\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0637\u0631\u0642: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f (2006)\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a: \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 (2002)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 (1995)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (1999)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u2026. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 12\/02\/2018 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wik<\/p>\n

([19]) \u2013 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c\u201d \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u201d\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c 1992.<\/p>\n

([20]) \u2013 \u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c\u201d \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u201d\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 15\/02\/2018 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: http:\/\/www.iicss.iq\/files\/books\/1q1b9qcur.pdf<\/p>\n

([21]) \u2013 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0644\u0631\u060c\u201d \u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0646\u062a\u064a\u063a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u201d\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0647\u0634\u0647\u0634\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0637 1\u060c 2005.<\/p>\n

([22]) \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c\u201d \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u201d\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u060c 20 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0632 2017\u060c \u0635: 16.<\/p>\n

([23]) \u2013 F. L. Cross and E. A. Livingstone,\u201dDivine Right of Kings.\u201d The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (3 rev. ed.), Published online: 2009.<\/p>\n

– ([24])Divine right of kings, POLITICAL DOCTRINE, WRITTEN BY: The Editors of Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica, Retrived, February, 01, 2018, From :<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/divine-right-of-kings<\/p>\n

([25]) \u2013 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0632 5 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1588 \u2013 4 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1679\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0632 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a . \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 28\/02\/2018 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B2<\/p>\n

([26]) \u2013 Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan or the matter, forme, & power of a common-wealth ecclesiastical and civil, Andrew Crooke (Amazon Kindle), 1651 (Disponible sur Wikisource). Retrived, February, 01, 2018, From :<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.catallaxia.free.fr\/Hobbes%20-%20leviathan.pdf<\/p>\n

([27]) \u2013 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0643 John Locke \u0648.1632 \u2013 1704 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1632 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u06af\u062a\u0648\u0646 (Wrington) \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 (Somerset) \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0631\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1684 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643. \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 (\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0643. \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.marefa.org\/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%83<\/p>\n

([28]) \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0643 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648 Jean-Jacques Rousseau \u0648. 28 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1712 \u2013 \u062a. 2 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1788\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u201c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u201d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.marefa.org\/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%83_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%88<\/p>\n

([29]) \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0643 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648\u060c\u201d \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u201d\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e: 10\/02\/2018 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: https:\/\/archive.org\/download\/123boukrika44_maktoob_14_201407\/17.pdf<\/p>\n

([30]) \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0643 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648\u060c\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u201d\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e: 15\/02\/2018 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/acer-acer\/Downloads\/.pdf<\/p>\n

([31]) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u064a (\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u201d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u201d\u060c 05 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2015\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 08\/03\/2018 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: http:\/\/www.mominoun.com\/articles\/<\/p>\n

([32]) \u2013 Burdeau (Georges), L\u2019Etat, Pr\u00e9face Philippe Braud, collection Essais,(Points), Paris, 2009, p 108.<\/p>\n

([33]) \u2013 \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u062f\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u062f\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0651\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: Niccol\u00f2 di Bernardo dei Machiavelli 3 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1469 \u2013 21 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1527 \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629. \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0635\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064f\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

([34]) \u2013 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: Il Principe \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1513 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0640\u064f\u0640\u0628\u0640\u0652\u0639\u0640\u064e\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0634\u064a(1512) \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0634\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062f\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062f\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0634\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1532 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u201d.<\/p>\n

([35]) \u2013 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644\u064a\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u201d \u060c\u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062f.\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2014 .<\/p>\n

([36]) \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0645\u064a (1332\u0645 \u2013 1406\u0645 \/\/ 732\u0647 \u2013 808\u0647) \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630. \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0645\u0630 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0641\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

([37]) \u2013 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c 2005.<\/p>\n

([38]) \u2013 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: Maximilian Carl Emil Weber \u200f 21 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1864 \u2013 14 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1920\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629\u201d \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629: \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n

([39])- \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0628\u0631\u060c\u201d\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.\u0637 1 2011.<\/p>\n

([40]) \u2013 \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631: \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c 27 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1913\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c 20 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2005. \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062f\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u2026<\/p>\n

([41]) \u2013 Ric\u0153ur Paul, \u00ab violence et langage, in la violence \u00bb, recherches et d\u00e9bats, semaine des intellectuels catholiques, f\u00e9vrier 1967,\u00e9dition Descl\u00e9e De Brouwer, Paris, 1967 .<\/p>\n

([42]) \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06331934\u060c \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u06af\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646.\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648: \u0645\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

([43]) \u2013 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0624\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

([44]) \u2013 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627 (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f)\u060c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u201d\u060c 01\/14\/2013\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 03\/03\/2018 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: http:\/\/www.alhiwartoday.net\/node\/5803<\/p>\n

([45]) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f)\u060c \u201c\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u064a\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u201c\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634 11 \u064812 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2004. \u0635: 40.<\/p>\n

([46]) \u2013 \u201c\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629.. \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a: \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646\u201d\u060c \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u060c 05\/05\/2014 . \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 05\/03\/2018 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: https:\/\/www.maghress.com\/almassae\/207487<\/p>\n

([47]) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f)\u060c \u201c\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629\u201d\u060c\u2026..\u0645 \u0633\u060c \u0635: 41.<\/p>\n

([48]) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0646 (\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a)\u060c \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u201c\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u201c\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u064a\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634 11 \u064812 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2004. \u0635: 13.<\/p>\n

([49]) \u2013 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627 (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f)\u060c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u201d\u060c \u2026\u0645 \u0633.<\/p>\n

([50]) \u2013 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a (\u0627\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f)\u060c \u201c\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u201c\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u064a\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634 11 \u064812 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2004. \u0635: 17.<\/p>\n

([51]) \u2013 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f:<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0627\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f)\u060c\u201d \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644: \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634\u060c 2018.<\/p>\n

– \u0628\u0646\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0646\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0640\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f\u064a): \u201d \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u062f: \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 1963-1973\u2033\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u064a\u062a \u0627\u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642 2005.<\/p>\n

– \u0644\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 (\u0645\u062d\u0640\u0640\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f): \u201d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0624\u0648\u062f\u0629\u201d\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0646\u060c- \u0633\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0637\u060c 1\u060c 2004.<\/p>\n

([52])- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f)\u060c \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u201d\u060c\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u201c\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u064a\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634 11 \u064812 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2004. \u0635: 37.<\/p>\n

([53]) \u2013 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0643\u0648\u060c\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629: \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646\u201d\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062b\u060c 1990\u060c \u0635: 36.<\/p>\n

([54]) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n

\n\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u062a<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 ( \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644) \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0627\u0644- \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 Abstract: The issue of violence has become a major concern in various times and antiquity, linked to the emergence of humanity, and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":118242,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[673,419,1532,31,481,4312,10346,189],"class_list":["post-118241","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-6","tag-673","tag-419","tag-1532","tag-31","tag-481","tag-4312","tag-10346","tag-189"],"views":1207,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118241","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118241"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118241\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":118243,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118241\/revisions\/118243"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/118242"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118241"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118241"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118241"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}