{"id":116767,"date":"2018-05-03T01:21:56","date_gmt":"2018-05-02T22:21:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/?p=116767"},"modified":"2018-05-03T01:22:20","modified_gmt":"2018-05-02T22:22:20","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a4%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a4%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0651\u064e\u0635<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629:<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n

The Betrayal of Financial Consultant to<\/span><\/p>\n

the Client\u2019s Confidence<\/span><\/p>\n

in the Securities Exchange:<\/span><\/p>\n

Misleading Client between Intent & Unintended Fault<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 A Comparative Study of Legal Liabilities<\/span><\/p>\n

between the law of Morocco & the UAE & the USA \u2013<\/span><\/p>\n

Dr. Humam Al Qussi *<\/span><\/p>\n

Abstract<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The purpose of this research is to clarify the fine line between the financial advisor\u2019s betrayal of his client with intent to mislead him in bad faith through consultation of trading on the securities exchange, on the other hand the occurrence of the consultant with an ordinary human error unintentionally, regardless of the degree of severity of this error, in front of the disciplinary liability of towards the securities exchange commission first, the civil liability of fault towards the client second, and the criminal liability towards public prosecution third.<\/p>\n

The aim of this research is to arrive at a legal vision of the legal liabilities that are based on the consultant, so as to ensure that the misguided and misguided counselor is responsible for the trust of his client on the one hand and the consultant who caused a simple or serious professional fault in misleading the customer according to Moroccan, UAE and US. law.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Key words<\/span>: financial consultant, financial adviser, investment advisor, financial analysis, financial advice, liability, misleading, customers, counseling, advice, data, information, fault, bad faith, disinformation.<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0640:<\/strong> <\/span>\u201c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u201d \u201cFinancial Analysis \u2013 Analyse Financi\u00e8re\u201d<\/span> \u0648\u201d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u201d \u201cFinancial Consultation \u2013 Consultation Financi\u00e8re<\/span>\u201d \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064a\u0629\u201d \u201cGuardianship \u2013 Garde\u201d<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u064d \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064f\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u201cInvestment Target \u2013 Cible d\u2019Investissement<\/span>\u201d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629\u061b \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u201c\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u201d \u201cFinancial Consultation \u2013 Consultation Financier\u201d<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0650\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0650\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0627\u064b \u064a\u064f\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u201d<\/strong><\/span> \u201cTechnical Analysis \u2013 Analyse Technique\u201c<\/span> \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u201cMarket Pattern \u2013 Mod\u00e8le de March\u00e9\u201d<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u064f\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0651\u064f\u0624 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642[6]\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u201d \u201cEssential Analysis \u2013 Analyse Essentielle\u201d<\/span> \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u064f\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627[7].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0634\u062c\u0651\u0650\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 -\u0628\u063a\u0636\u0651\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u201c\u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u201d<\/strong><\/span> \u201cInvestment Experience \u2013 Exp\u00e9rience d\u2019Investissement\u201d- \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u064f\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u0650\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u201cActivation New Funds \u2013 Activation de Nouveaux Fonds\u201d \u0648\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u201c\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u201d \u201cCapital Turnover \u2013 Rotation d\u2019Capital\u201d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0641\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629\u201d \u201cLiquidity \u2013 Liquidit\u00e9\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2009\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0645\u0622\u0632\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u2013\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a- \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0650\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064d \u062e\u0648\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u064f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629[8<\/span>]\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631[9]\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c -\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0650\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629- \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064d \u0645\u064f\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0650\u0635\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631[10]\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629\u064d \u062a\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064f \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629.<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0640: \u201c\u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u201d \u201cClient Misleading \u2013 Client Trompeur\u201d \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u201c\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629\u201d \u201cFalse or Misleading Data or Information \u2013 Donn\u00e9es ou Informations Fausses ou Trompeuses\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629:<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4) \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2000\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (48\\\u0631) \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2008 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (13\\\u0631.\u0645) \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629:<\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1934 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 158-112 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 10 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2012\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1940 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 112-90 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 3 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2012.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/span> \u201c\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u061f\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645\u0647[32].<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0651\u064e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0623\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0650\u0631\u0627\u062a \u201cVariables\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0650\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0651\u064f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u201d \u201cCash Flow \u2013 Flux de Tr\u00e9sorerie\u201d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u061b \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062f\u0629\u064d \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629\u064d\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627[33]\u061b \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0651\u064f\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0640: \u201c\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0650\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u201d \u201cTrading Trends \u2013 Tendances d\u2019N\u00e9gociation\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u064b \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0643\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0651\u064e \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0641\u0640: \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u201d \u201cDevice \u2013 Dispositif\u201d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629\u061b<\/span> \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u064f\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629\u064d \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629\u064d\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0637\u0651\u064e\u0637\u201d \u201cScheme \u2013 Sch\u00e8me\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629\u201d \u201c\u201dArtifice \u2013 Artifice \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0644-\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0651\u064e\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629\u064d\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642\u064f \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064d \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u062d\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064e\u064a\u0652 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u201d \u0648\u201d\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629\u201d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u201d \u201cFinancial Consultation \u2013 Consultation Financi\u00e8re\u201d \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646: \u201c\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u064d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u064d \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u064d\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064d \u0645\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u064d\u201d. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064c \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644[60].<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u201d \u201cFinancial Advice \u2013 Conseil Financier\u201d<\/span> \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064c \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0650\u0635\u064d \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644: \u201c\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u062d \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064d \u0645\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062f\u064d\u201d\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064d \u0645\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062f\u064d\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u064a: \u201c\u0631\u0623\u064a\u064c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0645 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064d \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u064d \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0645\u201d[61].<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u064c \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a[62].<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u201c\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629<\/span>\u201d \u201c\u201dMisleading Consultation \u2013 Consultation Trompeuse\u201d \u0623\u0648 \u201c\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629\u201d \u201cMisleading Advice \u2013 Conseils Trompeurs\u201d\u060c \u0641\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0651\u064e \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0651\u064d.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0650 \u0628\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u064e\u062e\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064d\u060c \u0625\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0631\u0649<\/strong> <\/span>\u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u064e\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062b\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0651\u064d \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648-\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u0651\u0650\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0651\u064e\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646 \u2013\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628- \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651\u0650 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

* \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0635\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/span>
\n-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629.<\/span>
\n-\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0635\u062f \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0651\u064f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0651\u0650\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/span>
\n-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0650\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064e\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0631\u0650\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629.<\/span>
\n-\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0642\u0644\u064c \u062e\u0635\u0628\u064c \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647.<\/span>
\n-\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631.<\/span>
\n-\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0651\u064e \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u064f\u0644\u064d \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u064e\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u064e\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0634\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062f\u0629.
\n-\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u063a\u062a\u0641\u064e\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0651\u064f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064d \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629\u064b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629.<\/span>
\n-\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0642\u0635\u062f \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629.
\n-\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629.<\/span>
\n-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629.
\n-\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/span>
\n-\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0628\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629\u061b \u062e\u0648\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0651\u0650\u064a \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.
\n-\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0635\u062f \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064d \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651\u0650 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u064d \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\n-\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0651\u064f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u064d \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u064d \u0643\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064d \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629.
\n-\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0650 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0650\u0644\u064f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u201c\u062a\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u201d \u201cAspersion\u201d \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u062f[88].<\/span>
\n-\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u201c\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0643\u0651\u064e \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644.
\n-\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0651\u064f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0646\u201d\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064f\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u064f\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064f\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

* \u062f. \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u062f. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062d\u0644\u0628\u060c 2011.<\/p>\n

* \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u201c\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u201d\u060c \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 15242\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 2 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 1431\u0647\u0640 \u2013 18 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2010\u0645. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637:<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.alriyadh.com\/507580 (22-2-2018).<\/p>\n

* \u062f. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629, \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 3\u060c 2016\u060c \u0635\u0635\u0640 630-668.<\/p>\n

* \u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

* \u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u201d\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 3\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 2\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2016.<\/p>\n

* \u062f. \u063a\u0632\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0629\u060c \u201c\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 17-07 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u0651\u064e\u062e 27 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2017\u2033\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0640\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 63\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0641\u0631\u064a 2018\u060c \u0635\u0635\u0640 228-236.<\/p>\n

* \u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u2013\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646-\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f:37\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 4\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0642\u0634\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064f\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n

* ATANASOV, Vladimir, BLACK, Bernard, CICCOTELLO, Conrad S., GYOSHEV, Stanley B., (2008), \u201chow does law affect finance? an examination of financial tunneling in an emerging market,\u201d University of Texas, McCombs School of Business, research paper No. FIN-04-06, January 2008.<\/p>\n

* BEN-SHAHAR Omri, \u201cFault in American Contract Law\u201d, Michigan Law Review, Vol. 107, June 2009, pp. 1341-1348.<\/p>\n

* BLACK Barbara, \u201cBrokers and Advisers-What\u2019s in a Name?\u201d, Fordham Journal of Corporate & Financial Law, Vol. XI, 2005.<\/p>\n

* COLLINS, Sue A., KEELER, David J., \u201canalysis of life company financial performance\u201d, the Staple Inn Actuarial Society, UK, 2nd November 1993.<\/p>\n

* FEIN Melanie L., \u201cAre Robo-Advisors Fiduciaries?\u201d, Presented at a symposium sponsored by Allianz Global Investors and Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment, University of Oxford, Worcester College, Oxford, England, September 12, 2017.<\/p>\n

* KAUFMANN, Roger, GADMER, Andreas, KLETT, Ralf, \u201cintroduction to dynamic financial analysis,\u201d Astin Buletin, 2005, available on line at:<\/p>\n

http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/download?doi=10.1.1.70.1576&rep=rep1&type=pdf (26-1-2018).<\/p>\n

* LABY Arthur B., \u201cThe Extraterritorial Application of U.S. Financial Services Regulation\u201d, SZW \/ RSDA 2\/ 2017. See: https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=3002679 (26-1-2018).<\/p>\n

* NOFSINGER, John R., VARMA, Abhishek, \u201chow analytical is your financial advisor?\u201d, Financial Services Review, Vol. 16, No. 4, 2007, pp. 245\u2013260.<\/p>\n

* QUINN, Dennis, (1997), \u201cthe correlates of change in international finance regulation\u201d, American Political Science Review, Vol. 91, No. 3, September 1997, pp. 531-551.<\/p>\n

* ROBERTS, Harry V., \u201cstock-market \u201cPatterns\u201d and financial analysis: methodological suggestions, the journal of finance\u201d, American Finance Association, Vol. XIV, No 1, March 1959, pp. 1-10.<\/p>\n

* SHAFFER Danielle K., \u201cA Compromise \u2013 Adding a Knowledge Requirement to Rule 13b2-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934\u201d, Akron Law Review, Vol. 50, Iss. 3, Art. 6, 2017, pp. 575-603.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064f\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n

* CHEKKAR, Rahma, \u201ccommunication financi\u00e8re et analyse de discours: une r\u00e9flexion m\u00e9thodologique autour du cas SAINT-GOBAIN\u201d, Congres de L\u2019AFC, 26\u00e8me, Lille, 2005, pp. 1-16.<\/p>\n

* GENDRON, Corinne, \u201cresponsabilit\u00e9 sociale et r\u00e9gulation de l\u2019entreprise mondialis\u00e9e\u201d, 2004 voir le line:<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.erudit.org\/revue\/ri\/2004\/v59\/n1\/009128ar.html.<\/p>\n

Hawkins v. McGee, 84 N.H. 114, 146 A. 641 (N.H. 1929).<\/p>\n

\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- The USA:<\/p>\n

* Robinson v. Merrill Lynch, Pierce Fenner & Smith, Inc., Supra, 337 F. Supp 107 (N.D. Ala. 1971).<\/p>\n

* Caravan Mobile Horne Sales, Inc. v. Lehman Bros. Kuhn Loeb, Inc., supra 769 F.2d 561,567 99ty Cir. 1985).<\/p>\n

* Elliott Assoc. v. Porsche Automobil Hldg. SE, 759 F.Supp. 2d 469, 474 (S.D.N.Y. 2010).<\/p>\n

* SEC v. Todd, 642 F.3d 1207, 1215 (9th Cir. 2011).<\/p>\n

* The USA Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) vs. Frank Bluestein, Administrative Proceeding, Initial Decision, Release No. 860, File No. 3-15317, Jul. 12 2013.<\/p>\n

* The USA Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) vs. Michael A. Horowitz, Inc., ets, Administrative Proceeding, Initial Decision, File No. 3-15790, event 54, Aug. 22 2014.<\/p>\n

* The USA Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) vs. Michael A. Horowitz, Inc., ets, Administrative Proceeding, Initial Decision, File No. 3-15790, event 64, Nov. 3 2014.<\/p>\n

* The USA Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) vs. Total Wealth Management, Inc., ets, Administrative Proceeding, Initial Decision, Release No. 860, File No. 3-15842, August 17, 2015.<\/p>\n

2- Canada:<\/p>\n

The Securities Legislation of Ontario, Angellist, LLC, ets. Matter, March 27, 2017. See:<\/p>\n

file:\/\/\/documents\/en\/Securities\/ord_20170328_angellist.pdf.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645\u0651\u064e \u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<\/span><\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

**<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

* \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u064f\u0635:<\/strong><\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c :\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 (\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0650\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f) \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 (ASJP)\u060c \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c 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\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0633\u062c\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 (EBSCO)\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b Google-Scholar \u0628\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064f\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629.<\/p>\n

* Doctor of Trading Law, Specialized in the Exchange Law, from Aleppo University, Syrian Arab Republic, Certified Expert at the Cairo Regional Center for International Commercial Arbitration (CRCICA), & the Alexandria Center for International Arbitration & Consultation (AICAC), Reviewer at Al Manarah Research Center, Al Rabat, Morocco, & Al Irshad Journal, the Moroccan Law Center, Marrakesh, Morocco, & Forum of Legal Sciences, Rabat, Morocco,<\/p>\n

Reviewer at the Algerian Scientific Journals Platform (ASJP), Member of the Scientific Committee of the Journal of Legal & Political Sciences, Faculty of Law, Al-Shaheed Hama Lakhdar University, & Al-Wadi, Algeria, Journal of Legal and Political Sciences, Faculty of Law, Ammar Thaliji University, Laghouat, Algeria, & Journal of the Economics of North Africa, Faculty of Law, University of Ammar Thelegi, Laghouat, University of Hasiba Ben Bouali, Chlef, Algeria, & Journal of Economics and Finance, Faculty of Economic and Commercial Sciences and Management Sciences, University of Hassiba Ben Bouali, Chlef, Algeria, Registered at the American scientific research (EBSCO), & the Google Scholar\u2019s research page.<\/p>\n

[1] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 60 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 1.16.151 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 19.14 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 25 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2016.<\/p>\n

[2] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 1\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 (48\/\u0631) \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2008 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4) \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2000\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 29 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2000.<\/p>\n

[3] \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u064d \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648-\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 (SEC) \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0650\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014:<\/p>\n

The USA Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) vs. Michael A. Horowitz, Inc., ets, Administrative Proceeding, Initial Decision, File No. 3-15790, event 54, Aug. 22 2014, page 14.<\/p>\n

[4] \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a:<\/p>\n

Section. 202. (a) (11), the USA Investment Advisers act of 1940, as amended through P.L. 112-90, approved January 3, 2012.<\/p>\n

[5] Section. 202. (a) (16), the USA Investment Advisers act of 1940.<\/p>\n

[6] Harry V. ROBERTS, \u201cstock-market \u201cPatterns\u201d and financial analysis: methodological suggestions, the journal of finance\u201d, American Finance Association, Vol. XIV, No 1, March 1959, pp. 1-10, page 1.<\/p>\n

[7] Op. cit., page 10.<\/p>\n

[8] Dennis QUINN, \u201cthe correlates of change in international finance regulation\u201d, American Political Science Review, Vol. 91, No. 3, September 1997, pp. 531-551, page 531.<\/p>\n

[9] Roger KAUFMANN, Andreas GADMER, Ralf KLETT, \u201cintroduction to dynamic financial analysis,\u201d Astin Buletin, 2005, page 1. See :<\/p>\n

http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/download?doi=10.1.1.70.1576&rep=rep1&type=pdf (26-1-2018).<\/p>\n

[10] \u062f. \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 3\u060c 2016\u060c \u0635\u0635\u0640 630-668\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 630.<\/p>\n

[11] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 1 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1.13.21 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u062c\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 1434 (13 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2013) \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 43.12 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2013\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 100 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2016.<\/p>\n

[12] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 2 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4) \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2000\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 29 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2000.<\/p>\n

[13] The USA Securities & Exchange act of 1934.<\/p>\n

[14] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 8\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2013\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 101\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2016\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 19 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

[15] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 40 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 29 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2000\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 17\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 (48\/\u0631) \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2008.<\/p>\n

[16] Section 209. (e), the USA Investment Advisers act of 1940.<\/p>\n

[17] \u062f. \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 648.<\/p>\n

[18] \u0646\u0635\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 264 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 9 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 1331 (12 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1913) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e: \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u201d.<\/p>\n

[19] \u0646\u0635\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 386 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 5 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1985 \u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647: \u201c\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0650\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u201d.<\/p>\n

[20] \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0650\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0650 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629\u064d:<\/p>\n

https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_contract_law#Misrepresentation (19-2-2018)<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0651\u064e\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0642\u0629\u201d \u201cBenefit of the Bargain\u201d \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0646\u064d \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0644\u0651\u0650 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0648\u0651\u0650\u0636\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0650\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0651\u064e\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647:<\/p>\n

Hawkins v. McGee, 84 N.H. 114, 146 A. 641 (N.H. 1929).<\/p>\n

[21] \u062f. \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u201d\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 3\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 2\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2016\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 309.<\/p>\n

[22] \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 264 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647: \u201c..\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0647\u201c.<\/p>\n

[23] \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 5 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1985 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1987 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0635\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 289 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647: \u201c\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u0647\u201d.<\/p>\n

[24] \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0650\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0648\u0651\u0650\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0628\u0651\u0650\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u062f\u0647. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n

United States Naval Institute v. Charter Communications, Inc., 936 F.2d 692 (Second Cir. 1991).<\/p>\n

[25] \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 644.<\/p>\n

[26] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 26 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0631\u0642\u0645 212-93-1 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 4 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 1414 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0644\u0640 21 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1993\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0650 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n

[27] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 16\u060c \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2008\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 36 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4) \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2000\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639.<\/p>\n

[28] Section 217, the USA Investment Advisers act of 1940.<\/p>\n

[29] \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0631\u0634\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064d \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647.<\/p>\n

[30] \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064d \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

[31] \u0623\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u061b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n

[32] \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u201d \u201c\u201dScienter. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n

Danielle K. SHAFFER, \u201cA Compromise \u2013 Adding a Knowledge Requirement to Rule 13b2-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934\u201d, Akron Law Review, Vol. 50, Iss. 3, Art. 6, 2017, pp. 575-603, page 603.<\/p>\n

[33] Roger KAUFMANN, Andreas GADMER, Ralf KLETT, op. cit., page 4.<\/p>\n

[34] \u062f. \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0635\u064a\u060c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0642\u0634\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 160.<\/p>\n

[35] \u062f. \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062f. \u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062d\u0644\u0628\u060c 2011\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0646 16 \u064817.<\/p>\n

[36] \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: https:\/\/kuwait10.net\/2010\/04\/08\/data-information-knowledge\/ (20-2-2018).<\/p>\n

[37] \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064f \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u201c\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0651\u0650\u0644\u064f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0627\u201d \u0628\u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0623 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0621\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0631\u0651\u064f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n

Rahma CHEKKAR, \u201ccommunication financi\u00e8re et analyse de discours: une r\u00e9flexion m\u00e9thodologique autour du cas SAINT-GOBAIN\u201d, Congres de L\u2019AFC, 26\u00e8me, Lille, 2005, pp. 1-16, page 1.<\/p>\n

[38] Sue A. COLLINS, David J. KEELER, \u201canalysis of life company financial performance\u201d, the Staple Inn Actuarial Society, UK, 2nd November 1993, page 31.<\/p>\n

[39] Rahma CHEKKAR, op. cit., page 5.<\/p>\n

[40] John R NOFSINGER, Abhishek VARMA, \u201chow analytical is your financial advisor?\u201d, Financial Services Review, Vol. 16, No. 4, 2007, pp. 245\u2013260, page 245.<\/p>\n

[41] The USA Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) vs. Total Wealth Management, Inc., ets, Administrative Proceeding, Initial Decision, Release No. 860, File No. 3-15842, August 17, 2015, page 2.<\/p>\n

[42] Barbara BLACK, \u201cBrokers and Advisers-What\u2019s in a Name?\u201d, Fordham Journal of Corporate & Financial Law, Vol. XI, 2005, page 56.<\/p>\n

[43] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 9\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2013.<\/p>\n

[44] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 84\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2016.<\/p>\n

[45] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 264\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1913.<\/p>\n

[46] Omri BEN-SHAHAR, \u201cFault in American Contract Law\u201d, Michigan Law Review, Vol. 107, June 2009, pp. 1341-1348, page 1343.<\/p>\n

[47] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 44\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2013.<\/p>\n

[48] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 10\\2\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2008.<\/p>\n

[49] \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0650\u062d \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u201c\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629\u201d \u201cIncomplete, Inconsistent or Misleading\u201d\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0647. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629:<\/p>\n

The Securities Legislation of Ontario, Angellist, LLC, ets. Matter, March 27, 2017. See:<\/p>\n

file:\/\/\/documents\/en\/Securities\/ord_20170328_angellist.pdf.<\/p>\n

[50] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 289\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1985.<\/p>\n

[51] \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062b\u0645\u0651\u064e \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u064b \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u064e\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n

[52] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 36\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0645 4 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2000\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 41 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n

[53] \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0650\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u064a\u0648\u064a\u060c \u201c\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 17-07 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u0651\u064e\u062e 27 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2017\u2033\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0640\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 63\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0641\u0631\u064a 2018\u060c \u0635\u0635\u0640 228-236.<\/p>\n

[54] \u062f. \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 657.<\/p>\n

[55] Section 206 (1), the USA Investment Advisers act of 1940.<\/p>\n

[56] SEC v. Todd, 642 F.3d 1207, 1215 (9th Cir. 2011). See: Danielle K. SHAFFER, op. cit., page 577.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0642\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0651\u064e\u062f \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a -\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627-\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1934. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n

Section 13 (b) 2-2, the USA Securities & Exchange Act, of 1934, as amended Through P.L. 112-158, Approved August 10, 2012.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0644\u062d\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 (SEC) \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0633\u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u0650\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0651\u064e \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n

The USA Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) Release No. 34-47890.<\/p>\n

[57] Omri BEN-SHAHAR, op. cit., page 1342.<\/p>\n

[58] Section 217, the USA Investment Advisers act of 1940.<\/p>\n

[59] The USA Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) vs. Total Wealth Management, Inc., ets, Administrative Proceeding, Initial Decision, Release No. 860, File No. 3-15842, August 17, 2015, page 16.<\/p>\n

[60] \u062f. \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 633.<\/p>\n

[61] \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u201c\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u201d\u060c \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 15242\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 2 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 1431\u0647\u0640 \u2013 18 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2010\u0645. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: http:\/\/www.alriyadh.com\/507580(22-2-2018) .<\/p>\n

[62] Rahma CHEKKAR, op. cit., page 13.<\/p>\n

[63] \u0646\u0635\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 11 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (48\/\u0631) \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2008 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u062d\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

[64] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 10\\6\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2008.<\/p>\n

[65] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 173\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 8 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1984.<\/p>\n

[66] \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629: \u062f. \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0635\u064a\u060c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u2013\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646-\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f:37\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 4\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013.<\/p>\n

[67] \u062f. \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 653.<\/p>\n

[68] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 25 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0631\u0642\u0645 212-93-1 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 4 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 1414 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0644\u0640 21 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1993\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0650 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n

[69] Section 206 (4), the USA Investment Advisers act of 1940.<\/p>\n

[70] John R NOFSINGER, op. cit., page 247.<\/p>\n

[71] Melanie L. FEIN, \u201cAre Robo-Advisors Fiduciaries?\u201d, Presented at a symposium sponsored by Allianz Global Investors and Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment, University of Oxford, Worcester College, Oxford, England, September 12, 2017, page 2.<\/p>\n

[72] \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 5 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1985 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1987 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0635\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 289 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647: \u201c\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u0647\u201d.<\/p>\n

[73] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 41\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0645 4 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2000.<\/p>\n

[74] Arthur B. LABY, \u201cThe Extraterritorial Application of U.S. Financial Services Regulation\u201d, SZW \/ RSDA 2\/ 2017, page 2. See: https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=3002679 (26-1-2018).<\/p>\n

[75] Elliott Assoc. v. Porsche Automobil Hldg. SE, 759 F.Supp. 2d 469, 474 (S.D.N.Y. 2010). See: Arthur B. LABY, op. cit., page 4, margin 9.<\/p>\n

[76] \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (13\/\u0631.\u0645) \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2016.<\/p>\n

[77] Corinne GENDRON, \u201cresponsabilit\u00e9 sociale et r\u00e9gulation de l\u2019entreprise mondialis\u00e9e\u201d, 2004, section. 48. Voir le line: http:\/\/www.erudit.org\/revue\/ri\/2004\/v59\/n1\/009128ar.html (26-2-2018).<\/p>\n

[78] \u062f. \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 639\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u064e\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0631\u062e\u0651\u064e\u0635 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013:<\/p>\n

The USA Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) vs. Frank Bluestein, Administrative Proceeding, Initial Decision, Release No. 860, File No. 3-15317, Jul. 12 2013, page 87.<\/p>\n

[79] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 10\\1\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2008.<\/p>\n

[80] The Securities Legislation of Ontario, Angellist, LLC, ets. Matter, March 27, 2017.<\/p>\n

[81] \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u064e \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n

Robinson v. Merrill Lynch, Pierce Fenner & Smith, Inc., Supra, 337 F. Supp 107 (N.D. Ala. 1971), Caravan Mobile Horne Sales, Inc. v. Lehman Bros. Kuhn Loeb, Inc., supra 769 F.2d 561,567 99ty Cir. 1985), in: The USA Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) vs. Michael A. Horowitz, Inc., ets, Administrative Proceeding, Initial Decision, File No. 3-15790, Nov. 3 2014, page 66.<\/p>\n

[82] \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 5 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1985 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1987 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0635\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 289 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647: \u201c\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u0647\u201d.<\/p>\n

[83] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 41\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0645 4 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2000.<\/p>\n

[84] \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629: \u201d \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062e\u0651\u064e\u0635\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631) \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u201d. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 10\\1\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2008.<\/p>\n

[85] Melanie L. FEIN, op. cit., page 7.<\/p>\n

[86] Vladimir ATANASOV, Bernard BLACK, Conrad S. CICCOTELLO, Stanley B. GYOSHEV, \u201chow does law affect finance? an examination of financial tunneling in an emerging market,\u201d University of Texas, McCombs School of Business, research paper No. FIN-04-06, January 2008, page 38.<\/p>\n

[87] Dennis QUINN, op. cit., page 541.<\/p>\n

[88] John R.NOFSINGER, Abhishek VARMA, op. cit., page 259.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u062a<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629: \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f -\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a- \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0635\u064a* \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0651\u064e\u0635 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u062e\u0651\u064e\u0635 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":116769,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[1027,12835,565,2406,493,471,4230,3667],"class_list":["post-116767","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-6","tag-1027","tag-12835","tag-565","tag-2406","tag-493","tag-471","tag-4230","tag-3667"],"views":2016,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116767","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=116767"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116767\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":116770,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116767\/revisions\/116770"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/116769"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=116767"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=116767"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=116767"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}