{"id":114509,"date":"2018-02-21T22:16:26","date_gmt":"2018-02-21T19:16:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/?p=114509"},"modified":"2018-02-21T22:16:26","modified_gmt":"2018-02-21T19:16:26","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%ba%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%84-%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%ba%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%84-%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: 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justify;\">2- \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c (\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f). \u06372\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c 1993\u060c \u063536\u061b \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c 2005\u0635\u060c 95\u060c \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 .\u0648\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u2013 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\u060c 2001\u060c \u0635196\u061b \u062f. \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0631\u062f\u060c &#8220;\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8230;&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635197\u061b \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063596\u061b \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062c\u06401\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063577\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Goldstein and Jethro \u2013 k. Lieberman\u060c op. cit; pp. 171\u0640175.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c (\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f). \u06372\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c 1993\u060c \u063543\u061b \u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06373\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c 1998\u060c \u0635104\u061b \u062f. \u0633\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c 2004\u060c \u063543.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 51\u060c \u0635173\u061b \u062f. \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635143\u061b \u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u060c \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 WWW. Arblaws. Com \u060c \u06354.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8230;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063545\u061b \u062f. \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063557.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">7- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8230;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635197.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">8- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f.\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063533 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643: \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8230;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063546\u061b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0640\u0651\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0633\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a&#8221;\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (1420\u0647\u0640)\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u060c (1999\u0645)\u060c \u063551\u061b \u0627\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u06353\u061b \u062f. \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649\u060c \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0647\u0652\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 2002\u060c \u0635184.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">9- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (2) \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640((In the same language as hath been commonly used \u2013 in Glanville Williams learing the law \u2013)) Stevens&amp; London (1978) p.56.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">10- \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a 12 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 (1982)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u060c(1983) \u0631\u0642\u0645 2\u060c \u0635111\u061b \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0643. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062c\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0634\u064a\u060c \u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 240\u060c \u0635281\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (4) \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 24\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 (1978) \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 35 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0640 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0642\u0631\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0629 (1427\u0647\u0640)\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 (2006\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0635323.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">11- Baris 14 juin 1957 RTD. Civ. 1958\/70 obs Mauzeaud (H. L) p.281.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0646\u0642\u0636 5\/\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\/1986\/ \u0628\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646\/ 2\/\u0631\u0642\u0645 8\u060c \u06355\u061b \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 6\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\/ 1986\/ \u062d \u0633 \u0628\/1986\/ 17\u060c \u0635362\u061b \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0636 3\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648\/ 1979 \u0640 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\/ 1980\/ \u0635262<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0636\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0634\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a 28\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 1971\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c (1972)\u060c II \u0631\u0642\u0645 1728\u060c \u06351102\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644: \u062f. \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c (2002)\u060c \u0635230.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0636\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 16 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 1989\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Scpi \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0633 \u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 (1967\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 III\u060c (1986\u0645)\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 2 I.R.DM. \u060c\u0635225\u061b \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cass \u2013 BELGE. 9\u06402\u06401973\u060c Rev Cri \u2013 juris \u2013 1974\u060c p.187.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">12- \u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a 15\/12\/1991 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636\/ \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 42\/ \u0635853\u061b \u0648\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a 9\/5\/1990\/ \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629\/ 41\/ \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 2\/ \u0635105.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">13- \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8230;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063548\u061b \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0634\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062c\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 240\u060c \u0635281.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">14- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8230; \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063579\u061b \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063536.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">15- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a&#8230;\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 153\u060c \u0635187\u061b \u062f. \u062f. \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8230;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c 159.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">16- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8230;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635198.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">17- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f.\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8230; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635164.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">18- Walfgang Hahnkanper: Boundary between Binding and Non\u0640binding Nature of Letters of intent and paper presented at the 24th Biennial conference of the Internapional Bar As\u0640Sociation\u060c CANNES 20\u064025 September\u060c 1992\u060cp.19.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 : \u062f. \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8230; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063583\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 28\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (1972\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u064516\/2). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 22 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (1972)\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645 73\u0640784 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 9 \u0622\u0628 (1973)\u060c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627. (\u0645\/2\/\u06403) \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 31 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (1966\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 31 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (1966) \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 (1971)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u064a) \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">19- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643: \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8230;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635234\u0640235\u061b \u062f. \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635177\u061b \u0648\u0641\u064a =\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0640 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0640 \u063548\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643: \u062f. \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0640 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u063567.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lake\u060c letters of intent. Op. cit; p.323.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">20- Com. 23 octobre 1990\/ JCT 1991\/ II\/21684 not ch. Larroumet. P.107;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a (Larroumet) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">21- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8230;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635198\u061b \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a&#8230;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 56\u060c \u0635188.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">22- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mario Riccomagno\u060c op;cit. P4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8230;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063573.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">23- \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0640 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0640 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u062f. \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8230; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063583\u061b \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8230;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063564.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">24- \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0640(\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f). \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635162\u061b \u062f. \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063579\u061b \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8230;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063565\u061b \u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 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\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u06372\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c 1992\u060c \u063515\u064016\u061b \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a \u2013 (\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627)\u060c \u06372\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635216\u061b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062c\u06401\u060c \u06375\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c (\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0639)\u060c \u0635430\u061b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (79) \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (61) \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (55) \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (153) \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (40) \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (1341) \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">28- Wilfred M\u060c Estey: &#8220;legal opinions in commerciak transactions&#8221;\u060c (But\u0640terworths. Toronto\u060c Canada. 1990).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">29- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063576\u061b \u062f. \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0642\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635312.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">30- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Civ 8 Fevrir 1984\/ JCP 1984\/ IV\/ 1119.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u0636\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c &#8220;\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u063a\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0630\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639&#8230;&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">-civ. 31 mai 1983\/B. C. V\/1\/\u0652n 159\u0640 p.138.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u062a .<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629) \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":114510,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[2047,549,1494,48,1984],"class_list":["post-114509","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-39","tag-2047","tag-549","tag-1494","tag-48","tag-1984"],"views":1174,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114509","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=114509"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114509\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/114510"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=114509"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=114509"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=114509"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}