{"id":114506,"date":"2018-02-21T21:45:38","date_gmt":"2018-02-21T18:45:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/?p=114506"},"modified":"2018-02-21T21:45:38","modified_gmt":"2018-02-21T18:45:38","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%ad%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%85-%d9%88%d8%b6%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%ad%d8%b3%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/%d8%a3%d8%ad%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%85-%d9%88%d8%b6%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%ad%d8%b3%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: 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Les obligation 4 en ed 1986 No. 835 \u2013 p. 335.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646: \u062f. \u0635\u0628\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0645\u062c (1)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (3)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c 1997\u060c \u0635133\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u064a\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a \u2013 (\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627)\u060c \u06372\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c 1995\u060c \u063599\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u2013 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0652 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u2013 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c (2 \u2013 3 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1993). \u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 29\u060c \u063513\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f 268\u060c \u0635280\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646: \u062f. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635238.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6- \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0640 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0640\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0635760\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06373\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c 1998\u060c \u063524\u060c \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u2013 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c 2007\u060c\u0635108\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063531.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">7- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c 7\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 783\u060c \u0635416\u060c \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c 7\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 439\u060c \u0635319\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0639\u0646\u062f : \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635762\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063583.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">8- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 (J. Schmidt) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063547 \u2013 51\u060c (F.D.Poitrimal) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063527\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 J.L.AUBERT; Notions et role de loffre; op; cit. N134. p.III. ets.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063584. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 Vanwijck \u2013 AKLEXANDRD; la reparation; op; cit. P . 94.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063585.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">9- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635256\u060c \u062f. \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u2013 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0622\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0645\u062c(7)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f(3) \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c 2001\u060c \u0635222\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06373\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u2013 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c 2003\u060c \u0635167.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">10- \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 Schmidt: (j): Lasanction de fute precontracuelle: op: cit. p.51 \u2013 52.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647: \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635267\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635249.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 CEDRAS; Lobligation de negocier; op; cit no. 88. p.p . 280 \u2013 282.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063584\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0626\u0630\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635272\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635100.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">11- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c (203 \u0648 215) \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (204) \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (206) \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (249) \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (284) \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">12- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0635\u0628\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635135\u060c \u062f. \u0633\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c 2004\u060c \u063547\u060c \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u2013 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c 1998\u060c \u0635109.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">13- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c 1992\u060c \u0635338 \u2013 339\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063586\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 Viney: les obligations; op. cit p. 33.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">14- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062f\u062a :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 Schmidti (j) ncgociation et conclucion decontrats: op; cit. P. 119.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">15- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 (\u0631\u064a\u0643) \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 Cass: Req. 28 Janr; 1924; D.11. 1942. N116. p. 121.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">16- \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0650 \u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 1249) \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644: ((\u0627\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635266\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635249.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">18- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 cass: (I) civ; 15 Janvier: 1991\/D.1992.\/53.not najjar. P. 64.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c (\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0639\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0652\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 V. civ; 8 oct: 1958; Bull. 11; n. 413. p. 33.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647: \u062f. \u0635\u0628\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635133\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0647: ((\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u062a\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (1142) \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c ..)). \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 c:v. 25. mars: 1983.\/7180.J.C.P. N216. p. 2104.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0642\u0636\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0644\u063a\u062a\u0652 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0646 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u064f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 C.A ppel Saint de la Reuniona: 26 Jonv. 1993. J.C.P. 1994. 22299. Note. R.Gourgou. p. 1102.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644: \u062f. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635197.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">19- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0646\u062d\u0644) \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 (1198) \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u060c (2621) \u0641\u064a 14\/ 11\/ 1977\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 (\u0628) \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0645\u060c (1426) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (1\u060c 2\u060c 3\u060c 4)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646\u060c 1985\u060c \u063539.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">20 &#8211; \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 712\u060c \u0641\u064a 13\/ 11\/ 2006\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 51\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c (2006)\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 196\u060c (\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631). \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646.\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629) 29 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c 1979\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 30\u060c \u0635976\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u060c \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0637\u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 167\u060c 1982\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 22\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0647\u060c 1983\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 952\u060c \u063510204.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">21- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063586\u060c \u062f. \u0635\u0628\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635133\u060c \u062f. \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063546\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0634\u0646\u0628\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0635103 \u2013 104\u060c \u062f. \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 8\u060c \u063524\u060c \u062f. \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0642\u0633. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u06374\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c 1987\u060c \u0635174.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">22- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635106\u060c \u062f. \u0631\u062c\u0628 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u06373\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c 2000 \u060c \u0635319\u060c \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635119\u060c \u062f. . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u06371\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c 2001 \u2013 2002\u060c \u0635104\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 J.schmidt: la sanction op; cit. P. 46. etss.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 ph. Malanrie la Aynes. Droit civil les obligations \u2013 de. 1992 ed. Cujas p. 67. no. 1021.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a \u2013 (\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627)\u060c \u06372\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c 1995\u0635114\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0643\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a). \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0646\u0632\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c((\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629)) \u06371\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c 1982.\u060c \u0635360 \u2013 361\u060c \u062f. \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635197.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">23- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 ..\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063533.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">24- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063550\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c 1996\u060c \u0635180\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641. \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 cass: civ; 12. 10 \u2013 1980. Gaz. Pal. 26. 2 \u2013 1981.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646: \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0631\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a&#8230;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635213.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">25- \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \ud83d\ude41 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629)\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 .\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f &#8230;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635279\u060c \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0637\u064a \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 197\u060c \u0635211\u060c \u062f. \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635140.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">26- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0635\u0628\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635133\u060c \u062f. \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063547.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">27- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 Walford. V. Miles: (1992) . 1AIIER. 453.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647). \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 (\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a) \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 =pitt. V. PHH. Asset Managerment: ltd; (1993) 4 AII. ER.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635120\u060c \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063551\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c\u0639\u0627\u0645 1996.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">28- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 Trib. Com. Braxelles (13e. ch) 24 Juin 1985. Journal des Tribunaux 1986. p. 239. ets. Notamment. P. 239.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063585\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u0647\u064f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 cass: com . 7 mars: 1989. J.C.P. 1989. N21316. Note Reinhard; p. 145.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647: \u062f. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062c1\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635213.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">29- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a 9\/12\/ 1975\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063326\u060c\u062c2\u060c \u06351593\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 26 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u060c1995 \u060c\u0631\u0642\u0645 (3)\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1997\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (17)\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0635124.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">30- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 F.Laberthe; op: cit. P. 137. et. 167.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u064a\u064a\u062f\u0647. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635247\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0635106\u060c \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063586\u060c \u062f. \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063569 \u2013 70\u060c \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635236.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">31- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635779\u060c \u062f. \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u063513 \u2013 14.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">32- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635109\u060c \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635272\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635100.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">33- \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635110 \u2013 111\u060c \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635277\u060c \u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635119.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">34- \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f 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\u0645\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a). \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645) \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c 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Del silence et reticence: op cit. p. 91 \u2013 101.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">35- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635760\u060c \u062f. \u0635\u0628\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635185\u060c \u062f. \u0646\u0632\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063540\u060c \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a (VINEY) \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a) \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u063590.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">38- \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a: 28\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\u060c 1976.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0640 Parisa; 1rechl. A. 28 sept. 1976 J.C.P. 1978. II. 18810. obs. J. Robert.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u060c \u0635101.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u062a .<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0647\u0636 \u0643\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0647(1). \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":114507,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[2047,1481,1290,1996,1929,10,3644,325],"class_list":["post-114506","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-39","tag-2047","tag-1481","tag-1290","tag-1996","tag-1929","tag-10","tag-3644","tag-325"],"views":2386,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114506","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=114506"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114506\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/114507"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=114506"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=114506"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mohamah.net\/law\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=114506"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}